Subcutaneous to visceral fat ratio: a possible risk factor for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases

Shafqat, Muhammad Nabeel; Haider, Miqdad

doi:10.2147/dmso.s162157

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Obesity can be divided into two types according to the location of fat distribution: one is centripetal obesity and the other is peripheral obesity. Studies have shown that abdominal obesity, especially excessive visceral fat, is the leading cause of diabetes [52], cardiovascular [53], and cerebrovascular diseases [54]. In abdominal obesity, excessive accumulation of visceral fat has more serious harm to human health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tai Chi Improves Coronary Heart Disease Risk by Inactivating MAPK/ERK Pathway through Serum miR‐126

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Tai Chi is effective in preventing heart disease (CHD) risk, but the molecular mechanism remains unclear. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of CHD and can be activated by miR-126. Tai Chi may exert its protective function through the miR-126-modulated MAPK pathway. Methods. The CHD patients after PCI were randomized into the CG group (CG) (n = 19, normal care) and Tai Chi group (TG) (Tai Chi intervention, n = 17). Epicardial adipose tissue volume (EATV) (one main adverse cardiovascular event of CHD), HR (heart rate), QoL (quality of life) scores, and balance performance were measured in the two groups. The body fat content, abdominal subcutaneous fat, and visceral fat were measured to reflect the improvement of adipose tissue dysfunction. The levels of miR-126 and MAPK-associated molecules were measured in peripheral blood leukocytes. Meanwhile, the effects of miR-126 silence and mimic on MAPK-associated molecules were also explored in cardiac cell H9C2. Results. After the 3-month intervention, Tai Chi reduced EATV and HR and increased QoL scores and balance performance, respectively (P<0.05). The fat percentage, body fat mass, and BMI were also significantly reduced after Tai Chi intervention (P<0.05). The levels of miR-126, MAPK, JNK, and ERK in the TG group were lower than those in the CG group (P<0.05). The miR-126 levels had a strong relationship with the values of EATV, HR, and QoL scores (P<0.05). miR-126 silence or mimic inactivated or activated MAPK-associated molecules in the cardiac cell lines. Conclusions. Tai Chi improved CHD risk by inactivating the MAPK/ERK pathway via serum miR-126.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tai Chi Improves Coronary Heart Disease Risk by Inactivating MAPK/ERK Pathway through Serum miR‐126

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…More specifically, the accumulation of adipose tissue in the visceral regions (intra-body cavity and near vital organs) is associated with an elevated risk of diabetes [4] and cardiovascular disease [5], while subcutaneous lipid storage (within depots just under the skin) is comparatively benign [6,7]. Indeed, the visceral-to-subcutaneous adiposity ratio has been proposed as a predictor of metabolic health [8,9] and a study of obese individuals that transitioned from metabolically healthy to unhealthy obesity showed a corresponding increase in visceral fat [10]. Evidence has begun to accumulate suggesting that adipogenesis-differentiation of new fat cells-within subcutaneous depots is a key factor in modulating healthy versus unhealthy adipose tissue deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Regulation of Neuregulin-1 Tunes White Adipose Stem Cell Differentiation

Cordero¹,

Callihan²,

Said³

et al. 2020

Cells

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Expansion of subcutaneous adipose tissue by differentiation of new adipocytes has been linked to improvements in metabolic health. However, an expandability limit has been observed wherein new adipocytes cannot be produced, the existing adipocytes become enlarged (hypertrophic) and lipids spill over into ectopic sites. Inappropriate ectopic storage of these surplus lipids in liver, muscle, and visceral depots has been linked with metabolic dysfunction. Here we show that Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) serves as a regulator of adipogenic differentiation in subcutaneous primary human stem cells. We further demonstrate that DNA methylation modulates NRG1 expression in these cells, and a 3-day exposure of stem cells to a recombinant NRG1 peptide fragment is sufficient to reprogram adipogenic cellular differentiation to higher levels. These results define a novel molecular adipogenic rheostat with potential implications for the expansion of adipose tissue in vivo.

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“…More specifically, the accumulation of adipose tissue in the visceral regions (intra-body cavity and near vital organs) is associated with an elevated risk of diabetes [3] and cardiovascular disease [4] , while subcutaneous lipid storage (within depots just under the skin) is comparatively benign [5,6] . Indeed, the visceral-to-subcutaneous adiposity ratio has been proposed as a predictor of metabolic health [7,8] and a study of obese individuals that transitioned from metabolically healthy to unhealthy obesity showed a corresponding increase in visceral fat [9] . Evidence has begun to accumulate suggesting that adipogenesis--differentiation of new fat cells--within subcutaneous depots is a key factor in modulating healthy versus unhealthy adipose tissue deposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic regulation of Neuregulin-1 tunes white adipose stem cell differentiation

Cordero

Callihan

Said

et al. 2020

Preprint

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AbstractExpansion of subcutaneous adipose tissue by differentiation of new adipocytes has been linked to improvements in metabolic health. However, an expandability limit has been observed wherein new adipocytes cannot be produced, the existing adipocytes become enlarged (hypertrophic) and lipids spill over into ectopic sites. Inappropriate ectopic storage of these surplus lipids in liver, muscle, and visceral depots has been linked with metabolic dysfunction. Here we show that Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) serves as a regulator of adipogenic differentiation in subcutaneous primary human stem cells. We further demonstrate that DNA methylation modulates NRG1 expression in these cells, and a 3-day exposure of stem cells to a recombinant NRG1 peptide fragment is sufficient to reprogram adipogenic cellular differentiation to higher levels. These results define a novel molecular adipogenic rheostat with potential implications for the expansion of adipose tissue in vivo.

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Subcutaneous to visceral fat ratio: a possible risk factor for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Tai Chi Improves Coronary Heart Disease Risk by Inactivating MAPK/ERK Pathway through Serum miR‐126

Tai Chi Improves Coronary Heart Disease Risk by Inactivating MAPK/ERK Pathway through Serum miR‐126

Epigenetic Regulation of Neuregulin-1 Tunes White Adipose Stem Cell Differentiation

Epigenetic regulation of Neuregulin-1 tunes white adipose stem cell differentiation

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