Suberythemal UV-Irradiation Increases Immunological Capacity in Children With Frequent Cold

Krause, Rolfdieter; Kühn, G.; Pose, M.; Dobberke, J.; Bühring, M.; Renz, Harald; Chen, T. C.; Holick, Michael F.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5051-8_7

Cited by 1 publication

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“…Furthermore, sub-erythemal doses of UVR, unlike erythemal doses, actually improve phagocytic activity in human volunteers. For example, Krause et al reported that a 6-to 8-week course of suberythemal doses of UVR doubled the phagocytic activity in 21 children with recurrent respiratory tract infections [93]. Likewise, Csato et al found five sub-erythemal doses of UVR increased polymorphonuclear chemotaxis in normal volunteers [94].…”

Section: Uv Radiation and Viral Respiratory Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic influenza and vitamin D

et al. 2006

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In 1981, R. Edgar Hope-Simpson proposed that a 'seasonal stimulus' intimately associated with solar radiation explained the remarkable seasonality of epidemic influenza. Solar radiation triggers robust seasonal vitamin D production in the skin; vitamin D deficiency is common in the winter, and activated vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D, a steroid hormone, has profound effects on human immunity. 1,25(OH)2D acts as an immune system modulator, preventing excessive expression of inflammatory cytokines and increasing the 'oxidative burst' potential of macrophages. Perhaps most importantly, it dramatically stimulates the expression of potent anti-microbial peptides, which exist in neutrophils, monocytes, natural killer cells, and in epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract where they play a major role in protecting the lung from infection. Volunteers inoculated with live attenuated influenza virus are more likely to develop fever and serological evidence of an immune response in the winter. Vitamin D deficiency predisposes children to respiratory infections. Ultraviolet radiation (either from artificial sources or from sunlight) reduces the incidence of viral respiratory infections, as does cod liver oil (which contains vitamin D). An interventional study showed that vitamin D reduces the incidence of respiratory infections in children. We conclude that vitamin D, or lack of it, may be Hope-Simpson's 'seasonal stimulus'.

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Section: Uv Radiation and Viral Respiratory Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%