Subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in a 3-year-old child with North Carolina macular dystrophy

Active surveillance of choroidal neovascularisation in children: incidence, aetiology and management findings from a national study in the UK

“…In our study, no gender preference was identified and the visual acuity outcome was the same in both groups. CNV in the paediatric age group is generally seen in older children,2 9 although it has been reported in a 4-month-old10 with congenital toxoplasmosis and a 3-year-old with North Carolina macular dystrophy 11. In our study, the youngest presentation was seen in two female 4-year-olds with optic disc anomalies, but the majority of cases were in older children with a mean age at presentation of 11 years.…”

Ranibizumab for choroidal neovascular membrane in a rare case of Bietti′s crystalline dystrophy: A case report

“…Retinal pigment epithelial dystrophies that are associated with CNVM include Sorsby fundus dystrophy, North Carolina macular dystrophy, Best vitelliform macular dystrophy etc. [4–6] However, to the best of our knowledge no BCD case with CNVM has been reported with complete genotyping of the CYP4V2 gene. We hypothesize that chronic irritation of Bruch's membrane by the crystals may have provoked CNVM in this patient.…”

Pediatric genetic macular and choroidal diseases

“…CNVMs form when abnormal choroidal vessels grow into the outer retina, resulting in mechanical disruption of these retinal layers, and further damage via fibrosis or hemorrhage. This devastating phenomenon has been described in grade 2 and 3 lesions in several studies, and in a patient as young as 3 yr of age [65,70,73,[75][76][77]. Thus, patients and their parents should be counseled to seek care immediately in the case of sudden vision loss or new onset of metamorphopsia (straight lines appearing wavy).…”