Subgenual Prefrontal Cortex Volumes in Major Depressive Disorder and Schizophrenia: Diagnostic Specificity and Prognostic Implications

Coryell, William; Nopoulos, Peg; Drevets, Wayne C.; Wilson, Thomine; Andreasen, Nancy C.

doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.162.9.1706

Cited by 148 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In contrast to Bremner et al (2002) and Pizzagalli et al (2004), who found no differences in BA25 or in BA32 (Bremner et al, 2002) volume between MDD patients and healthy controls, Coryell et al (2005) subsequently reported a reduction in left subcallosal gyrus volume in patients with MDD relative to controls. Finally, a number of studies demonstrate smaller gray (Lavretsky et al, 2007;Caetano et al, 2006;Ballmaier et al, 2004) and white (Ballmaier et al, 2004) matter volume in 'total' and in ventral (Tang et al, 2007) ACC in patients with MDD relative to controls; however, the cingulate regions assayed in these studies varied widely.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Two studies have demonstrated a positive relation between ACC volume and treatment response in MDD (Coryell et al, 2005;Chen et al, 2007), although an earlier study was negative in this respect (Drevets et al, 1997). PET and functional MRI studies show that treatment with antidepressants is associated with increased cerebral metabolism (Vlassenko et al, 2004) and greater activation in the ACC in patients with MDD (Chen et al, 2007;Davidson et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ACC volume in MDD has been further examined in relation to clinical and demographic variables, including age (Lavretsky et al, 2007), family history of illness (Drevets et al, 1997), treatment response (Coryell et al, 2005), and current mood state (Caetano et al, 2006). Patients included in these studies were heterogeneous with respect to illness history and medication status, however; rendering the conclusions of these reports equivocal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anterior Cingulate Volumes in Never-Treated Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Yücel

McKinnon

Chahal

et al. 2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

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The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is implicated in the cognitive and affective abnormalities observed in mood disorders. Bilateral ACC volume reductions have been reported in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) when compared to healthy controls. We compared regional brain volumes in the subgenual prefrontal cortex (SGPFC; Brodmann area (BA) 24 sg ), subcallosal gyrus (BA25), and paracingulate gyrus (BA32) in 65 patients receiving a first course of treatment for MDD and 93 healthy control subjects. Patients with more than three episodes of untreated MDD had smaller subcallosal gyrus volumes than healthy controls, while those with three or fewer past untreated episodes did not differ from controls. We also found preliminary evidence that medication-exposed patients had smaller SGPFC volumes than patients with no exposure to medication and healthy controls. There was no evidence that these effects related to mood state, duration of untreated illness, or to patient age. No differences were apparent in paracingulate gyrus volumes between patients and controls. These findings confirm the presence of ACC volume reductions in untreated patients with MDD and suggest that illness burden and short-term medication exposure mediate this change.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anterior Cingulate Volumes in Never-Treated Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Yücel

McKinnon

Chahal

et al. 2008

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…9, 30–32 The subgenual ACC is considered a more archaic region than the rostral ACC; has extensive connections with other parts of the brain such as the amygdala, raphe nuclei, and brain stem autonomic nuclei; and is involved in emotional processing, monoaminergic neurotransmitter release, and autonomic regulation. 33 While abnormal function has been found in both the rostral and the subgenual ACC in major depression, only the subgenual ACC has been associated with a reduction in volume, 31,34 and this may represent the core abnormality of treatment resistant depression. 35 Although elevated activity in the rostral ACC has been shown to predict response to pharmacological treatment, 9,10 response to antidepressant treatment has been shown to be primarily mediated by the subgenual ACC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subgenual Cingulate Theta Activity Predicts Treatment Response of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Participants With Vascular Depression

Narushima

McCormick²,

Yamada³

et al. 2010

Journal of Neuropsychiatry

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective treatment for depression. Increased metabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a known predictor for antidepressant response. The authors assessed whether increased theta power within the ACC predicts rTMS response in participants with vascular depression. Sixty-five participants were randomized to active or sham rTMS. Outcome was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Electroencephalography was obtained, and comparisons were made among each group with a normative database using low-resolution electromagnetic tomography. Results suggest that vascular depression participants respond well to rTMS and that increased low-theta power in the subgenual ACC predicts response to rTMS.

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“…In particular, Mayberg et al (2005) showed the SCC to be hyperactive in TRD patients, whereas previous literature has not reported the SCC to be hyperactive in non-TRD patients. In addition, studies evaluating brain structure using MRI have shown abnormalities in frontal regions and the cingulate gyrus, specifically, reduced volume and gray matter thickness in these areas in patients with MDD and bipolar disorder (Coryell et al, 2005;Lyoo et al, 2004;Nugent et al, 2006). These regions are thought to be part of a limbic-cortical-striatalpallidal-thalamic network that is involved in emotion processing (Anderson et al, 2012;Nugent et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EEG Power Asymmetry and Functional Connectivity as a Marker of Treatment Effectiveness in DBS Surgery for Depression

Quraan

Protzner

Daskalakis

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Recently, deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been evaluated as an experimental therapy for treatment-resistant depression. Although there have been encouraging results in open-label trials, about half of the patients fail to achieve meaningful benefit. Although progress has been made in understanding the neurobiology of MDD, the ability to characterize differences in brain dynamics between those who do and do not benefit from DBS is lacking. In this study, we investigated EEG resting-state data recorded from 12 patients that have undergone DBS surgery. Of those, six patients were classified as responders to DBS, defined as an improvement of 50% or more on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD-17). We compared hemispheric frontal theta and parietal alpha power asymmetry and synchronization asymmetry between responders and non-responders. Hemispheric power asymmetry showed statistically significant differences between responders and non-responders with healthy controls showing an asymmetry similar to responders but opposite to non-responders. This asymmetry was characterized by an increase in frontal theta in the right hemisphere relative to the left combined with an increase in parietal alpha in the left hemisphere relative to the right in non-responders compared with responders. Hemispheric mean synchronization asymmetry showed a statistically significant difference between responders and non-responders in the theta band, with healthy controls showing an asymmetry similar to responders but opposite to non-responders. This asymmetry resulted from an increase in frontal synchronization in the right hemisphere relative to the left combined with an increase in parietal synchronization in the left hemisphere relative to the right in non-responders compared with responders. Connectivity diagrams revealed long-range differences in frontal/central-parietal connectivity between the two groups in the theta band. This pattern was observed irrespective of whether EEG data were collected with active DBS or with the DBS stimulation turned off, suggesting stable functional and possibly structural modifications that may be attributed to plasticity.

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Subgenual Prefrontal Cortex Volumes in Major Depressive Disorder and Schizophrenia: Diagnostic Specificity and Prognostic Implications

Abstract: These findings add to the evidence that abnormalities in the subgenual region of the anterior cingulate play a role in at least some types of mood disorder.

Cited by 148 publications

References 43 publications

Anterior Cingulate Volumes in Never-Treated Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Anterior Cingulate Volumes in Never-Treated Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Subgenual Cingulate Theta Activity Predicts Treatment Response of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Participants With Vascular Depression

EEG Power Asymmetry and Functional Connectivity as a Marker of Treatment Effectiveness in DBS Surgery for Depression

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