Subgingival Microflora of Advanced Periodontitis in the Dominican Republic

Slots, Jørgen; Rams, Thomas E.; Feik, Diane; Taveras, Hector Dario; Gillespie, George M.

doi:10.1902/jop.1991.62.9.543

Cited by 70 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Likewise, Avila-Campos and Velásquez-Meléndez (3) reported a prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans of 70% for healthy and 90% for chronic periodontitis Brazilians. Data from earlier investigations in Chinese, African and Hispanic populations are also in accord with these findings (2,8,29,33). In contrast, A. actinomycetemcomitans was detected in much lower frequency in Japanese, Turkish, Swedish and American subjects (10,11,15,37).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Prevalence of leukotoxic genotypes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in Brazilians with chronic periodontitis

Rosalem¹,

Andrade²,

Colombo³

2006

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is considered a major etiologic agent of aggressive periodontitis but this species has also been associated with other forms of periodontal disease. Further, highly leukotoxic strains are related to severity of disease. This investigation determined the prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and the occurrence of the leukotoxin gene 530-bp deletion in Brazilian subjects with chronic periodontitis. Twenty periodontally healthy and 20 chronic periodontitis subjects were selected. Fullmouth clinical examination was carried out at 6 sites/tooth. Subgingival biofilm samples were collected from the 3 deepest sites and 3 healthy sites from periodontitis subjects, as well as from 3 sites of individuals with periodontal health. A. actinomycetemcomitans and the genetic deletion were determined by the polymerase chain reaction. Significant differences were sought by Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, and Wilcoxon sign tests. Periodontitis subjects presented a higher prevalence (75%) of A. actinomycetemcomitans than individuals with health (45%) (p = 0.053). A mean frequency of 57.5% of A. actinomycetemcomitans -positive sites was observed in the periodontitis group. Of those, 75% were diseased, whereas 40% were healthy sites (p = 0.0001). Healthy subjects showed a mean frequency of 35% of positive sites. In contrast, the genetic deletion was detected only in 4 diseased sites from 2 chronic periodontitis patients. A high prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was observed in Brazilians with chronic periodontitis. However, the leukotoxin gene 530-bp deletion was rarely detected in the subgingival biofilm of these subjects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Prevalence of leukotoxic genotypes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in Brazilians with chronic periodontitis

Rosalem¹,

Andrade²,

Colombo³

2006

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…The microbiological findings revealed that periodontitis patients presented a quite higher prevalence and mean numbers of bacterial pathogens than healthy subjects, suggesting that the establishment of these microorganisms seems to be supported by the presence of a complex subgingival microbiota associated with periodontal disease. Considerable published data agree with these results; however, variations in the frequency of these microorganisms in dental biofilm are observed in those studies (3,5,35,36). Recently, Colombo and co-workers (5) examined a large number of subgingival biofilm samples from periodontitis patients in a Brazilian population and reported the presence of species not frequently found in the subgingival microbiota, such as A. baumannii, Bartonella spp., E.coli, and E. faecalis.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 72%

“…In addition, these species were more prevalent in sites with disease as compared to periodontally healthy sites. Likewise, Slots et al (35) observed a prevalence of 23% of enteric rods and Acinetobacter spp. in the subgingival microbiota of periodontitis patients in the Dominican Republic, whereas Ali and co-workers (2) observed a frequency of 61.1% of enterics in the subgingival microbiota of periodontitis subjects from Romania.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 94%

Prevalence of "non-oral" pathogenic bacteria in subgingival biofilm of subjects with chronic periodontitis

Souto¹,

Andrade²,

Uzeda³

et al. 2006

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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The oral cavity may act as a reservoir for several pathogens related to systemic infections. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and levels of pathogenic bacteria in the subgingival biofilm of chronic periodontitis lesions and healthy periodontal sites using the checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization technique. 200 samples of subgingival biofilm from sites with periodontitis (probing pocket depth ≥ 4 mm and /or clinical attachment level ≥ 4 mm) and 200 samples from healthy sites of 14 patients with chronic periodontitis, as well as 200 samples from 3 periodontally healthy patients were obtained. The presence and levels of 11 pathogenic bacteria were determined using whole genomic DNA probes and the checkerboard method, computed for each site and then across sites within each subject group. Significance of differences in clinical and microbiological parameters among groups were examinated using the MannWhitney and Wilcoxon sign tests. The predominant species in all 600 samples included Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli. In general, most of the species were detected in greater prevalence and levels in sites with and without disease from patients with periodontitis in comparison to the periodontally healthy group. In particular, C. diphtheriae, E. coli, E. faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and S. aureus were significantly more prevalent and detected in higher counts in diseased sites of patients with periodontal disease compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.05). Clinical signs of disease presented a positive correlation with the species A. baumannii, Streptococcus pyogenes, E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. In conclusion, "non-oral" pathogenic bacteria are detected in high prevalence and levels in periodontal sites of chronic periodontitis patients.

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“…However, prolonged systemic administration of antimicrobials or immunosuppressive therapy may result in an increase of the numbers of these microorganisms. 19,20 According to Smith et al, 21 the genus Staphylococcus is commonly isolated from the oral cavity in a specific group of subjects, such as children, elderly individuals, patients with end-stage systemic diseases, patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and patients with malignant hematologic diseases. Colonization of the oropharynx with methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains is frequently observed in many of these patients.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: Photodynamic Antimicrobial Effects of Malachite Green on Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, and Candida

Junqueira

Ribeiro

Rossoni

et al. 2010

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery

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Objective: This study investigated in vitro the photodynamic antimicrobial effects of the photosensitizer malachite green on clinical strains of Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, and Candida. Materials and Methods: Thirtysix microbial strains isolated from the oral cavity of patients undergoing prolonged antibiotic therapy, including 12 Staphylococcus, 12 Enterobacteriaceae, and 12 Candida strains, were studied. The number of cells of each microorganism was standardized to 10 6 cells/mL. Twenty-four assays were carried out for each strain according to the following experimental conditions: gallium-aluminum-arsenide laser and photosensitizer (n ¼ 6, LþPþ), laser and physiologic solution (n ¼ 6, LþPÀ), photosensitizer (n ¼ 6, LÀPþ), and physiologic solution (n ¼ 6, LÀPÀ). Next, cultures were prepared on brain-heart infusion agar for the growth of Staphylococcus and Enterobacteriaceae, and on Sabouraud dextrose agar for the growth of Candida, and incubated for 48 h at 378C. The results are reported as the number of colony-forming units (CFU/mL) and were analyzed with analysis of variance and the Tukey test. Results: The Staphylococcus, enterobacterial, and Candida strains were sensitive to photodynamic therapy with malachite green (LþPþ). A reduction of *7 log 10 for Staphylococcus, 6 log 10 for enterobacteria, and 0.5 log 10 for the genus Candida. Significant statistical differences were observed between the LþPþ groups and the control groups (LÀPÀ). Conclusion: The Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, and Candida strains studied were sensitive to photodynamic therapy with malachite green.

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Subgingival Microflora of Advanced Periodontitis in the Dominican Republic

Cited by 70 publications

References 27 publications

Prevalence of leukotoxic genotypes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in Brazilians with chronic periodontitis

Prevalence of leukotoxic genotypes of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in Brazilians with chronic periodontitis

Prevalence of "non-oral" pathogenic bacteria in subgingival biofilm of subjects with chronic periodontitis

Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy: Photodynamic Antimicrobial Effects of Malachite Green on Staphylococcus, Enterobacteriaceae, and Candida

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