Subgrid modeling of salt marsh hydrodynamics with effects of vegetation and vegetation zonation

Wu, Guoxiang; Li, Huajun; Liang, Bingchen; Shi, Fengyan; Kirby, James T.; Mieras, Ryan S.

doi:10.1002/esp.4121

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Sub-grid details were treated deterministically, following the approach of Volp et al (2013). The sub-grid hydrodynamic model performs well in comparison to measured surface elevation and flow data from a relatively small salt marsh system in Delaware Bay, USA (Wu et al 2016(Wu et al , 2017. The computational overhead of determining the sub-grid flow solution in each model grid is fairly light, and the model has been seen to scale relatively well compared to a theoretical factor of (grid resolution) 5/2 , with the sub-grid model showing minimal loss of accuracy relative to a full model run at the sub-grid resolution.…”

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confidence: 94%

“…Here, we describe a coupled model system for predicting long term hydrodynamics, vegetation biomass, sedimentation and morphological evolution of a salt marsh. The model system couples an existing sub-grid hydrodynamic model (Wu et al, 2016(Wu et al, , 2017 with a sediment transport/morphology module and a vegetation biomass module. The sub-grid model of Wu et al (2016) employed Defina's (2000) approach for integrating finescale information for use in the coarser resolution model used for integration in time.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Sub-Grid Modeling of Coupled Hydrodynamic, Vegetative and Morphodynamic Processes in a Salt Marsh Environment

Deb¹,

Kirby²,

Shi³

et al. 2018

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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Modeling hydrodynamic processes in a salt marsh system is a challenging task, due to the complexity of topographic features and the scale of such features relative to the overall system size. With growing availability of high-resolution topographic measurements, like LiDAR-derived DEM data, it is increasingly desirable to run a high-resolution model in a large domain and for a long period of time to get trends of sedimentation patterns, morphological change and marsh evolution. However, high spatial resolution poses a big challenge in both computational time and memory storage. Vegetation dynamics in a marsh system needs to be properly taken care of with respect to the vegetation zones and elevation from the mean sea level. The interaction between micro-scale topography and vegetation canopy dominates the overall morphological evolution.

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confidence: 94%

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confidence: 99%

Sub-Grid Modeling of Coupled Hydrodynamic, Vegetative and Morphodynamic Processes in a Salt Marsh Environment

Deb¹,

Kirby²,

Shi³

et al. 2018

Int. Conf. Coastal. Eng.

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“…Morphodynamic models are widely used for the sustainable management of fisheries and aquaculture, coastal planning, habitat conservation, restoration of intertidal ecosystems, and mitigation of coastal hazards (Dietrich et al, ; Resio & Westerink, ; Wu et al, ). The interactions among biological and physical processes are known to modify the hydrology and sediment dynamics in the intertidal zone, which greatly affects morphodynamics (Grabowski et al, ; Tolhurst et al, ; Widdows & Brinsley, ; Wu et al, ). Thus, knowledge of the interplays among the physical forces and biological components of intertidal ecosystems is a critical step toward improving the parameterization of models of erosion‐accretion processes and the morphological evolution of intertidal flats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Macrobenthos (Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus) on Erosion‐Accretion Processes in Intertidal Flats: A Case Study From a Cultivation Zone

Shi

Pratolongo

et al. 2020

JGR Biogeosciences

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The activity of benthic organisms can strongly influence sediment dynamics in an intertidal flat. However, few studies have conducted a quantitative assessments of the effect of benthic organisms on erosion-accretion processes under field conditions. The aim of this study was to quantify the effects of the benthic clam Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus (M. meretrix) on bed erodibility and sediment erosion-accretion processes in an intertidal flat. Within the cultivation zone at site A, M. meretrix is present in large numbers (up to 137 individuals per square meter). On the other hand, site B is located outside the cultivation zone. At this site, which is only 500 m away from site A alongshore, M. meretrix forms a sparse population with only 3.7 individuals per square meter. The results showed that the critical shear stress for erosion, denoted by τ ce , was 0.22 and 0.32 N/m 2 at sites A and B, respectively, and the magnitudes of bed-level change were significantly higher at site A than site B. These results reveal the large effect of M. meretrix on decreasing τ ce , augmenting the erosion rate when the bed shear stress due to combined currents and waves, denoted by τ cw , was higher than τ ce , and conversely enhancing the accretion rate when τ cw < τ ce . The changes induced in these parameters are likely to have a large impact on model predictions of bed erodibility, sedimentary processes, and morphological evolution. Thus, integrated field measurements of hydrodynamic and bed-level changes, accompanied by simultaneous biological sampling, may help to improve the parameterization of hydro-sedimentary and morphodynamic models for shallow-water environments. Plain Language SummaryThe marine organisms in the bottom sediments can play an important role in the stability and erosion-accretion of the seafloor in the nearshore coastal area. However, less is known about how these organisms affect bed stability and erosion-accretion processes in shallow-water environments. This study uses integrated field measurements of hydrodynamics, erosion-accretion events, and simultaneous biological sampling to quantify the effects of benthic organisms on seafloor stability and erosion-accretion processes. The results suggest that the stability of the seafloor at the observation site with plenty of clam Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus is less stable, and the magnitude of seafloor erosion-accretion is greater compared to the observation site without clam Meretrix meretrix. These results have important implications for improving the parameterization of predicted models of morphological evolution due to the major biological components in estuaries and coastal regions.

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“…This permits testing over a wide parameter space within a controlled setup. However, currently such models either allow for accurate prediction of the motion of single shoots (e.g., Dijkstra & Uittenbogaard, ; Marjoribanks et al, ) or rely on a broader‐scale representation of vegetation using a field‐parameterized rigid cylinder drag force approach (Baptist et al, ; Temmerman et al, ; Tempest et al, ; Wu et al, ). Hence, there is a need for models which are field parameterized but also allow for prediction of flow‐vegetation interactions at the shoot scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexural Rigidity and Shoot Reconfiguration Determine Wake Length Behind Saltmarsh Vegetation Patches

et al. 2019

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Vegetation patches play an important role in controlling sediment deposition in shallow aquatic environments such as coastal saltmarshes and fluvial systems. However, predicting deposition around vegetation patches is difficult due to the complexity of patch morphology and their dynamic interaction with the flow. Here we incorporate a biomechanical model, parameterized using field data, within a 3‐D computational fluid dynamics model which allows prediction of individual shoot reconfiguration within patches due to flow forcing. The model predicts velocity attenuation and bed shear stresses within the wake of the patch which agree spatially with accretion patterns measured in the field using terrestrial lidar. The model is applied to sparse patches of Suaeda maritima, located in saltmarshes of coastal habitats, to explore the role of (I) shoot distribution, (II) patch geometry, (III) shoot flexural rigidity, and (IV) bulk flow velocity in determining the length of the predicted wake region. We demonstrate that for Suaeda maritima, with intermediate rigidity, the vertical shear layer over the vegetation controls the length of the predicted wake region. Consequently, reconfiguration due to flexural rigidity strongly impacts on wake length, confounding the relationship between patch height and wake length. A simplified model for predicting wake length based on shoot reconfiguration is applied to the simulation data and shows good agreement. The results demonstrate that the observed wake characteristics can be well explained by intraspecific variability in flexural rigidity, thus demonstrating the importance of biomechanical traits in determining flow‐vegetation‐sediment interactions.

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Subgrid modeling of salt marsh hydrodynamics with effects of vegetation and vegetation zonation

Cited by 20 publications

References 55 publications

Sub-Grid Modeling of Coupled Hydrodynamic, Vegetative and Morphodynamic Processes in a Salt Marsh Environment

Sub-Grid Modeling of Coupled Hydrodynamic, Vegetative and Morphodynamic Processes in a Salt Marsh Environment

Influence of Macrobenthos (Meretrix meretrix Linnaeus) on Erosion‐Accretion Processes in Intertidal Flats: A Case Study From a Cultivation Zone

Flexural Rigidity and Shoot Reconfiguration Determine Wake Length Behind Saltmarsh Vegetation Patches

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