Subgrid‐scale cloud–radiation feedback for the<scp>B</scp>etts–<scp>M</scp>iller–<scp>J</scp>anjić convection scheme

Koh, Tieh‐Yong; Fonseca, Ricardo

doi:10.1002/qj.2702

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 65 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…Cumulus convection is parameterised using the Betts-Miller-Janjić (BMJ; Janjić 1994) scheme. The precipitating convective cloud scheme developed for the BMJ by Koh and Fonseca (2016) is applied in order to account for cumulus cloud-radiation feedbacks. In all experiments, seasonally dependent vegetation fraction and surface albedo are used.…”

Section: Model Datasets and Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution dynamical downscaling of re-analysis data over the Kerguelen Islands using the WRF model

Fonseca

Martín‐Torres

2018

Theor Appl Climatol

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We have used the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model to simulate the climate of the Kerguelen Islands (49°S, 69°E) and investigate its inter-annual variability. Here, we have dynamically downscaled 30 years of the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis (CFSR) over these islands at 3-km horizontal resolution. The model output is found to agree well with the station and radiosonde data at the Port-aux-Français station, the only location in the islands for which observational data is available. An analysis of the seasonal mean WRF data showed a general increase in precipitation and decrease in temperature with elevation. The largest seasonal rainfall amounts occur at the highest elevations of the Cook Ice Cap in winter where the summer mean temperature is around 0°C. Five modes of variability are considered: conventional and Modoki El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), Subtropical IOD (SIOD) and Southern Annular Mode (SAM). It is concluded that a key mechanism by which these modes impact the local climate is through interaction with the diurnal cycle in particular in the summer season when it has a larger magnitude. One of the most affected regions is the area just to the east of the Cook Ice Cap extending into the lower elevations between the Gallieni and Courbet Peninsulas. The WRF simulation shows that despite the small annual variability, the atmospheric flow in the Kerguelen Islands is rather complex which may also be the case for the other islands located in the Southern Hemisphere at similar latitudes.

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Section: Model Datasets and Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution dynamical downscaling of re-analysis data over the Kerguelen Islands using the WRF model

Fonseca

Martín‐Torres

2018

Theor Appl Climatol

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“…TC = tropical cyclone. Kobayashi (2007) found that the CER for precipitation clouds is always larger than that of nonprecipitation clouds. The decrease of CER in the decay stage indicates that there is less precipitation when TC makes a landfall.…”

Section: Journal Of Geophysical Research: Atmospheresmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…And the TC cloud system (TCCS) is also a key factor in climate modulation system (Balaguru et al, ; Mei et al, ; Sriver & Huber, ). As a large‐scale cloud system, it reflects the shortwave radiation from the sun and emits the long‐wave radiation, which controls the fluctuation of atmospheric temperature (Koh & Fonseca, ; Pithan et al, ; Stephens & Wong, ). Also, from a climate dynamic standpoint (Li et al, ), TCCS is particularly important for the accurate representation of numerical simulations for the cloud distribution and radiation globally (Houze, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Properties and Spatial Variation of Tropical Cyclone Cloud Systems From TRMM and MODIS in the East Asia Region: 2010–2014

Zhou

Han

et al. 2018

JGR Atmospheres

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The tropical cyclone (TC) in East Asia varies strongly each year, indicating the different spectral characteristics of the TC cloud systems (TCCSs) with the distance from the center of TC. We report a new perspective of optical properties of TCCS by using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission data over the years from 2010 to 2014 for the 35 TCs in East Asia. We investigate the spatial distribution of the cloud‐top height, radar reflectivity, polarization corrected temperature in 85.5 GHz (PCT85.5), hydrometeor vertical profile, cloud water path, cloud optical thickness, and cloud particle effective radius of TCCS in the development, maturity, and decay stages of TC. The results indicate the significant differences of cloud characteristics in the maturity stage in comparison to other two stages, showing the higher radar reflectivity up to 30 dBZ and the PCT85.5 as low as 232.98 K in the TC eye wall. Meanwhile, the mean hydrometeor profile indicates more ice particles accumulating above the height of 10 km but less liquid droplets near 3 km. The peak of cloud water path and cloud optical thickness in the maturity stage can reach to 1,300 g/m2 and 75, respectively. The mean cloud particle effective radius and precipitation in the three stages could be influenced by aerosols. Based on these quantified results, several ideal fitting equations and the models are constructed to denote the properties of TCCS. Two cases are analyzed to examine the accuracy of the quantified mean state for different stages of TCCS and the relationship between aerosols and clouds.

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“…The following physics parameterization schemes were used in the model runs: the Yonsei University Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) scheme (Hong et al, 2006) with a topographic correction for surface winds to represent the extra drag from subgrid topography and enhanced flow at hill tops following Jiménez and Dudhia (2012); Monin-Obukhov surface layer parameterization (Monin and Obukhov, 1954); the four-layer Noah LSM (Chen and Dudhia, 2001); the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for Global models (RRTMG) for short-wave and long-wave radiation (Iacono et al, 2008) with a climatological aerosol distribution (Tegen et al, 1997); the Goddard 6-class microphysics scheme (Tao et al, 1989); the Betts-Miller-Janjić cumulus scheme (BMJ; Janjić, 1994) adapted for the tropics (Fonseca et al, 2019) with cumulus cloud-radiation feedbacks accounted for by a precipitating convective cloud scheme (Koh and Fonseca, 2016). The Noah LSM is also initialized with CFSR data.…”

Section: Wrf Simulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A surface temperature and moisture intercomparison study of the Weather Research and Forecasting model, in‐situ measurements and satellite observations over the Atacama Desert

Fonseca

Zorzano

Azua‐Bustos

et al. 2019

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Good knowledge of the environmental conditions of deserts on Earth is relevant for climate studies. The Atacama Desert is of particular interest as it is considered to be the driest region on Earth. We have performed simulations using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model over the Atacama Desert for two week‐long periods in the austral winter season coincident with surface temperature and relative humidity in‐situ observations at three sites. We found that the WRF model generally overestimates the daytime surface temperature, with biases of up to 11°C, despite giving a good simulation of the relative humidity. In order to improve the agreement with observed measurements, we conducted sensitivity experiments in which the surface albedo, soil moisture content and five tuneable parameters in the Noah Land Surface Model (namely soil porosity, soil suction, saturated soil hydraulic conductivity, the b parameter used in hydraulic functions and the quartz fraction) are perturbed. We concluded that an accurate simulation is not possible, most likely because the Noah Land Surface Model does not have a groundwater table that may be shallow in desert regions. The WRF‐predicted land surface temperature is also evaluated against that estimated from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument. While at night the satellite‐derived and ground‐based measurements are generally in agreement, during the day MODIS estimates are typically lower by as much as 17°C. This is attributed to the large uncertainty in the MODIS‐estimated land surface temperatures in arid and semi‐arid regions. The findings of this work highlight the need for ground‐based observational networks in remote regions such as the Atacama Desert where satellite‐derived and model products may not be very accurate.

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Subgrid‐scale cloud–radiation feedback for theBetts–Miller–Janjić convection scheme

Cited by 16 publications

References 65 publications

High-resolution dynamical downscaling of re-analysis data over the Kerguelen Islands using the WRF model

High-resolution dynamical downscaling of re-analysis data over the Kerguelen Islands using the WRF model

Optical Properties and Spatial Variation of Tropical Cyclone Cloud Systems From TRMM and MODIS in the East Asia Region: 2010–2014

A surface temperature and moisture intercomparison study of the Weather Research and Forecasting model, in‐situ measurements and satellite observations over the Atacama Desert

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