Subjective Cognitive Decline and Biomarkers of Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease

Shokouhi, Sepideh; Albert, Kimberly

doi:10.1007/s40473-019-00191-4

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…This can be achieved through primary prevention, focusing on lowering the dementia risk for cognitively normal individuals, and secondary prevention aimed at high‐risk individuals beginning to experience subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) 4 . SCD and MCI are considered to be prodromes of dementia, and emerging evidence clearly demonstrates mild forms of neuropathology related to dementia in both conditions 5 …”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 SCD and MCI are considered to be prodromes of dementia, and emerging evidence clearly demonstrates mild forms of neuropathology related to dementia in both conditions. 5 Although some evidence is available from large lifestyle interventions for the primary prevention of dementia and AD, 6 systematic reviews have noted the need to further investigate secondary prevention. [7][8][9] A meta-analysis by Bhome et al 10 specifically noted a lack of research evaluating lifestyle interventions in those with SCD, and previous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in this population have been underpowered to detect the full spectrum of potential outcomes included.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes from the Multidomain Dementia Risk Reduction Randomized Controlled Trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL‐CD)

McMaster

Kim

Clare

et al. 2020

J American Geriatrics Society

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of a multidomain intervention to reduce lifestyle risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and improve cognition in individuals with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). DESIGN: The study was an 8-week two-arm single-blind proof-of-concept randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Community-dwelling individuals living in Canberra, Australia, and surrounding areas. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were 119 individuals (intervention n = 57; control n = 62) experiencing SCD or MCI. INTERVENTION: The control condition involved four educational modules covering dementia and lifestyle risk factors, Mediterranean diet, physical activity, and cognitive engagement. Participants were instructed to implement this information into their own lifestyle. The intervention condition included the same educational modules and additional active components to assist with the implementation of this information into participants' lifestyles: dietitian sessions, an exercise physiologist session, and online brain training. MEASUREMENTS: Lifestyle risk factors for AD were assessed using the Australian National University-Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index (ANU-ADRI), and cognition was assessed using Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive subscale, Pfeffer Functional Activities Questionnaire, Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Trail Making Test-B, and Category Fluency. RESULTS: The primary analysis showed that the intervention group had a significantly lower ANU-ADRI score (χ 2 = 10.84; df = 3; P = .013) and a significantly higher cognition score (χ 2 = 7.28; df = 2; P = .026) than the control group. A secondary analysis demonstrated that the changes in lifestyle were driven by increases in protective lifestyle factors (χ 2 = 12.02; df = 3; P = .007), rather than a reduction in risk factors (χ 2 = 2.93; df = 3; P = .403), and cognitive changes were only apparent for the SDMT (χ 2 = 6.46; df = 2; P = .040). Results were robust to intention-to-treat analysis controlling for missing data. CONCLUSION: Results support the hypothesis that improvements in lifestyle risk factors for dementia can lead to improvements in cognition over a short time frame with a population experiencing cognitive decline. Outcomes from this trial support the conduct of a larger and longer trial with this participant group.

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Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes from the Multidomain Dementia Risk Reduction Randomized Controlled Trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL‐CD)

McMaster

Kim

Clare

et al. 2020

J American Geriatrics Society

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“…Reducing the risk of dementia in cognitively normal individuals is possible with primary prevention (Barnes & Yaffe, 2011; Norton et al., 2014). Identifying high‐risk individuals who are beginning to experience subjective cognitive decline (SCD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be achieved through secondary prevention (Shokouhi & Albert, 2019). Community or gerontology nurses should consider the unique characteristics of older adults which differ from those of other adult age groups.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of the Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index‐Short Form (ANU‐ADRI‐SF) into Turkish

Bayram,

Akkaş

2024

Int J Older People Nursing

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BackgroundThe ‘Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index’ (ANU‐ADRI) assesses the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is a potential tool for its prevention.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to adapt the ANU‐ADRI‐SF (the short version of ANU‐ADRI) into the Turkish language and Turkish cultural context.MethodsThe study was methodological and involved the translation and intercultural adaptation of the ANU‐ADRI‐SF into the Turkish language. The study included 384 community‐based participants from a province in the Western Black Sea Region of Türkiye. Data was collected via an online form prepared using Google Forms.ResultsThe index was translated from its original language, English, into Turkish and then retranslated to English by bilingual translators. It was then reviewed and evaluated for possible issues related to translation and degrees of equivalence. When TR‐ANU‐ADRI‐SF levels were compared according to sex, the mean risk scores were found to be 11.25 ± 7.02 for males and 11.69 ± 7.99 for females. After cross‐cultural adaptation, the TR‐ANU‐ADRI‐SF was conceptually intelligible to Turkish adults.ConclusionsThe TR‐ANU‐ADRI‐SF is a valid and reliable AD risk assessment tool.Implications for practiceGiven the increase in AD and its impact on people's health, there is a great need for strategies to be implemented by health professionals to improve the lifestyle of the adult population. For use in conjunction with these strategies, a localised AD risk assessment tool that can be applied by clinicians or by individual patients has been adapted and introduced to the Turkish literature.

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“…Others point towards genetics explaining higher tau burden, since comparable results were found in autosomal dominant mutation carriers (e.g. presenilin-1) [66,67]. The differential spatial patterns of tau pathology in early-onset AD might also be explained by genetic involvement, as early-onset AD patients are less frequently APOE4 allele carriers, and E4 genotype does influence spatial patterns of brain pathology [68][69][70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing the use of dynamic tau PET in Alzheimer’s Disease

Visser

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The general aim of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of both methodological as well as biological/clinical aspects of dynamic [18F]flortaucipir PET, which yields information about tau pathology as well as rCBF, in the context of AD. By gaining a better understanding of the use of tau PET we can optimize and direct its use in clinical and research settings. In the first part of this thesis we assessed whether methodological optimization of [18F]flortaucipir PET acquisition would be possible, by i) investigating whether we could reduce the dynamic scanning time of [18F]flortaucipir PET scans without compromising on quantitative accuracy, and ii) investigating whether dynamic acquisition is required for obtaining quantitatively reliable measures of tau pathology in a longitudinal setting. We demonstrated that dynamic scanning protocols can be shorted without compromising on quantitative accuracy, and that static imaging protocols are sufficient in settings (including longitudinal follow-up) where changes in flow are expected to be small. In the second part of this thesis we aimed to gain better understanding of the relationship between tau PET with clinical measures, specifically i) (longitudinal) cognition, and ii) neuronal injury (rCBF and atrophy). Furthermore, we investigated the temporal dynamics of biomarker changes in the AT(N) classification system. We demonstrated that tau PET is predictive of both cognitive decline and atrophy, and that there is considerable variability across individuals in the order of ATN biomarkers becoming abnormal. The key findings of this thesis include: Part 1: Methodological applications i) Dynamic [18F]flortaucipir PET scans can be shortened from 110 to only 50 minutes without loss of accuracy. ii) Longitudinal semi-quantitative (SUVr) and quantitative (BPND) parameters are comparable for [18F]flortaucipir. Part 2a: Clinical applications - cognition i) Tau pathology and low rCBF are both independently associated with worse cognitive performance (cross-sectionally), indicating that each biomarker independently contributes to cognitive impairment in AD. ii) Compared to LOAD, the degree of tau pathology and rCBF is more strongly associated with cognitive impairment in EOAD. iii) Both baseline and change in tau load are predictive for longitudinal cognitive trajectories across domains (when corrected for rCBF), underlining that tau PET is a valuable tool in predicting cognition. Part 2b: Clinical applications – neuronal injury i) Higher tau load is related to accelerated cortical thinning, but not to decreases in rCBF, and tau PET load at baseline better predicts cortical thinning than change of tau PET signal. Part 2c: Clinical applications – AT(N) classification system i) There is considerable variability across individuals in the order of ATN biomarkers becoming abnormal.

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Subjective Cognitive Decline and Biomarkers of Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 65 publications

Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes from the Multidomain Dementia Risk Reduction Randomized Controlled Trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL‐CD)

Lifestyle Risk Factors and Cognitive Outcomes from the Multidomain Dementia Risk Reduction Randomized Controlled Trial, Body Brain Life for Cognitive Decline (BBL‐CD)

Adaptation of the Australian National University Alzheimer's Disease Risk Index‐Short Form (ANU‐ADRI‐SF) into Turkish

Optimizing the use of dynamic tau PET in Alzheimer’s Disease

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