Subjective health and memory self-efficacy as mediators in the relation between subjective age and life satisfaction among older adults

Stéphan, Yannick; Caudroit, Johan; Chalabaev, Aïna

doi:10.1080/13607863.2010.536138

Cited by 116 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Recent developments on the scientific study of adjustment to aging (AtA), conceptualized it, according to identity process theory, as involving the three processes of identity assimilation (maintaining self-consistency), identity accommodation (making changes in the self), and identity balance (maintaining a sense of self but changing when necessary) (Sneed & Whitbourne, 2003) whereas according to Moreover, how old a person feels, designates subjective age (SA) (Barak, 2009;Barrett, 2005;Kleinspehn-Ammerlahn, Kotter-Grühn & Smith, 2008;Montepare, 2009). In addition, SA was found to contribute to subjective health, memory self-efficacy, and life satisfaction, regardless of the chronological age (Stephan, Caudroit & Chalabaev, 2011), which is consistent with studies showing that older individuals' own evaluation of their age is a better predictor of psychological functioning than an objective count of chronological years (Montepare, 2009;Schafer & Shippee, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Assessing Subjective Age and Adjustment to Aging in a Portuguese and German Older Population: A Comparative Multiple Correspondence Analysis

Humboldt¹,

Leal²,

Pimenta³

2012

IJPS

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Purpose: This study aims at examining the contributors to adjustment to aging (AtA) and subjective age (SA) identified by older adults and to investigate the latent constructs that can work as major determinants in AtA and SA in an older Portuguese and German population.Method: Measures were completed, using a variety of appropriate methods, including demographics and interviews. Complete data were available for 102 older adults aged between 74-100 years (M=81.2; SD = 6.70). Data was subjected to content analysis. Representation of the associations and latent constructs were analyzed by a Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA).Results: Findings showed a model for each nationality. SA and AtA for Portuguese elderly were explained by a three-factor overall model: "active", "concentrated" and "attuned". A three-dimension overall model formed by "harmonized", "focused" and "young-at-heart" was indicated as a best-fit solution for German elderly.Conclusion: SAis differently related to AtA in older adults in both samples. The findings presented in this paper highlighted the under-developed potential of an adjustment and age overall model for this population.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 73%

Assessing Subjective Age and Adjustment to Aging in a Portuguese and German Older Population: A Comparative Multiple Correspondence Analysis

Humboldt¹,

Leal²,

Pimenta³

2012

IJPS

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“…Prior research has found a positive relationship between a younger subjective age and memory self-efficacy (the belief in the effectiveness of one's memory function, 18,22 which contributes to the maintenance of memory performance with advancing age 23 ). Health and lifestyle patterns are another argument in favor of a subjective ageecognition relationship.…”

Section: E14mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 There is an increasing discrepancy between subjective age and chronological age as people grow older, and the majority of older adults feel younger than they actually are despite age-related changes. 15e17 Subjective age predicts important outcomes, including well-being, 18 physical functioning, 19 self-rated health, 18 and longevity. 20 In most of these studies, a younger subjective age contributes to more favorable psychological and health-related outcomes, independent of chronological age, and beyond other demographic factors (e.g., education, sex, marital status) and health variables (e.g., disease burden).…”

Section: E14mentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective Age and Cognitive Functioning: A 10-Year Prospective Study

Stéphan¹,

Caudroit²,

Jaconelli³

et al. 2014

The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

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113

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Objectives: The present study examines whether subjective age (i.e., how old or young individuals feel) is associated with cognitive functioning and tests potential mediators of this association. Design: Data from the two waves of measurement of the Midlife in the United States survey were used, with assessments conducted at the first wave in 1994e1995 and at the second wave in 2004e2006. Participants: A total of 1,352 men and women aged from 50 to 75 years at baseline (M: 59.32; SD: 6.72). Measurements: Subjective age, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, and the covariates sex, age, education, marital status, and disease burden were assessed at baseline to predict episodic memory and executive function measured 10 years later. Results: Multiple regression analysis revealed that a younger subjective age at baseline was prospectively associated with better episodic memory and executive function. Bootstrap analysis indicated that the association of subjective age with episodic memory and executive function was partially mediated by BMI and frequency of physical activity respectively. Conclusion: Even after accounting for chronological age and other risk factors for cognitive decline, such as disease burden and sedentary lifestyle, the subjective experience of aging predicts cognitive functioning in old age. (Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2014; 22:1180e1187)

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“…Internalization of age stereotypes about memory as applying to oneself [19,20] may affect subjective memory. Younger subjective age is known to be associated with higher memory self-efficacy [21] and fewer memory complaints [7] in older adults.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates and Moderators of Change in Subjective Memory and Memory Performance: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study

et al. 2015

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terns of associations emerged with respect to predictors of subjective memory and subjective memory change. First, the level of memory performance showed stronger associations with age, gender, and education, whereas subjective memory was more strongly associated with subjective age and personality traits. For example, women performed better than men on the episodic memory test, but there were no gender differences in subjective memory. Also, older age was associated with steeper declines of memory performance but with less decline of subjective memory. Second, personality traits that predicted subjective memory intercepts did not predict subjective memory slopes. Third, the strength of associations between levels and slopes of subjective memory and memory performance varied as a function of gender, education, depressive symptoms, and personality traits. Conscientiousness moderated the relationship of the level of subjective memory to the level of memory performance, consistent with the hypothesis that persons high in conscientiousness more accurately monitor memory successes and failures. The results reinforce the importance of depressive symptoms as a predictor of subjective memory but also indicate that a broader perspective on the reasons why memory complaints have modest correlations with memory itself is needed. AbstractAging researchers have long been interested in understanding individuals' subjective perceptions of their own memory functioning. Previous research has shown that subjective memory ratings are partly based on memory performance but also reflect the influence of other factors, such as depressive symptoms. The aim of the present study was to examine (1) longitudinal associations between trajectories of subjective memory and memory performance, (2) variables that predict levels of and changes in subjective memory and memory performance, and (3) variables that moderate associations between these constructs. We applied a latent growth curve model to four occasions of data from 15,824 participants of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS; mean age at baseline = 64.27 years, SD = 9.90; 58% women). Results revealed that latent changes in subjective memory were correlated with latent changes in memory performance ( φ = 0.49), indicating that participants who reported steeper declines of subjective memory indeed showed steeper declines of memory performance over time. Three major pat-

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Subjective health and memory self-efficacy as mediators in the relation between subjective age and life satisfaction among older adults

Cited by 116 publications

References 58 publications

Assessing Subjective Age and Adjustment to Aging in a Portuguese and German Older Population: A Comparative Multiple Correspondence Analysis

Assessing Subjective Age and Adjustment to Aging in a Portuguese and German Older Population: A Comparative Multiple Correspondence Analysis

Subjective Age and Cognitive Functioning: A 10-Year Prospective Study

Correlates and Moderators of Change in Subjective Memory and Memory Performance: Findings from the Health and Retirement Study

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