Subjective Memory Complaints in Portuguese Young Adults: Contributions from the Adaptation of the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire

Abstract

Self-report instruments that allow to characterize the frequency of daily memory failures are essential for a comprehensive assessment of memory functioning. In this context, we aimed to provide preliminary evidence of validity and reliability for the European Portuguese adaptation of the Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ). A total of 1052 healthy participants completed an online survey with the PRMQ. The exploration of the construct validity suggested the tripartite model with a general memory, a prospective memory, and a retrospective memory factors to have the best adjustment to the data. Measurement invariance across age and sex groups was also verified. The questionnaire revealed good convergent validity with a general self-report measure of memory (0.778 < r < 0.853), and satisfactory values of internal consistency (0.779 < Cronbach’s alpha < 0.887) and of test-retest reliability (0.815 < r < 0.852). There were no prominent effects of sex and age in the PRMQ scores. Although the sample encompassed mainly younger and highly educated adults, this study presented the first evidence of validity and reliability for the European Portuguese version of the questionnaire.

Evaluating subjective cognitive decline: a systematic review of tools available for evaluating cognitive complaints in Portuguese

“…The aim of this review was to discuss some of the recommendations proposed through the Subjective Cognitive Decline-Initiative (SCD-I), especially regarding tools to evaluate SCD in a target population 10 . Among all the recommendations, this study 24 Brum et al, 2013 29 Argimon et al, 2014 28 Bernardes et al, 2017 20 Andrade and Novelli, 2015 27 Paulo and Yassuda, 2010 31 Argimon and Stein, 2005 35 Caramelli and Beato, 2008 33 Minett and et al, 2008 34 Santos et al, 2012 30 Lindôso, 2008 32 Mattos et al, 2003 21 Pereira and Albuquerque, 2018 38 Piauilino et al, 2010 18 Benites and Gomes, 2007 19 Sousa et al addressed the evaluation of tools according to their appropriate demographic characterization, validation process and content. To our knowledge, this is the first study to systematically organize and compare the questionnaires on SCD that have been used for the Portuguese-speaking population.…”

“…The first study mentioning this tool was from 2003 21 . Validation for a questionnaire is essential in order to be able to determine its psychometric properties 38 . Tools that have not been adequately translated and tested before usage are susceptible to fundamental flaws of construct and consistency 39 , which ultimately restrict their accuracy for making measurements.…”

“…The question about the telephone number (Q2) is relatively outdated due to the popularity of mobile phones. Despite being the questionnaire most used to evaluate SCD, it has not been translated and validated for use in Portuguese-speaking populations, unlike the PRMQ 38,39 and the MCS 40 .…”

“…• Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRMQ 18,29,38 ): The PRMQ is a well-tested and validated tool for use among Portuguese speakers. It contains 16 questions on a Likert scale from "Never"=1 to "Almost always"=5.…”

O impacto da qualidade do sono na memória em escolares

“…Questionnaire (PRMQ), que possui a função de avaliar autorrelatos de falhas de memória prospectiva e retrospectiva 7,8 . Da mesma forma, sabendo-se que a privação do sono pode reduzir a plasticidade do hipocampo, essencial para a formação da memória, também devem ser considerados os questionários para a mensuração da qualidade de sono 9,10 .…”