Sublethal malathion induced changes in the ovary of an air-breathing fish, Heteropneustes fossilis: a histological study

Abstract

This paper describes effects of a sublethal (1 .2 mg 1-' ) organophosphate, malathion, on the ovary of an air breathing catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis . The study focuses on microscopic changes that occur on ovigerous lamellae, oocytes at different stages of development and the nucleus of the immature oocyte . Also, change in estrogen levels in blood serum is investigated . Clumping of cytoplasm appears after 24 h of exposure to malathion . Clumping intensified after 48 h. Degeneration in the follicular cells was also observed . After 72 h exposure the number of nucleoli increased, nuclear materials shrunk, oocytes became adhered . With 96 h of exposure, nuclear materials of all the oocytes shrunk to a smaller clump . The oocytes fused together, and follicular epithelium became loose and ruptured . A few atretic oocytes were visible . Radioimmunoassay of the estrogen level in blood serum after 72 h of exposure of malathion showed a reduction in the level . This study showed that the histopathological condition of the gonad is reflected in malfunctioning of the endocrine system and hormonal disbalance .

Gonadosomatic index and gonad histopathology of Gobius niger (Gobiidea, Teleost) from Bizerta lagoon (Tunisia): Evidence of reproduction disturbance

“…Histological defects similar to those found in the present study have already been described before by other authors (Dutta et al, 1994;Dutta and Maxwell, 2003;Dutta and Dalal, 2008;MilesRichardson et al, 1999a;Miles-Richardson et al, 1999b;Pieterse, 2004;Sioson and Herrera, 1996;Spanò et al, 2004). Those studies concerned other fish species exposed to sublethal doses of xenobiotics in the laboratory.…”

Ecotoxicology: A Review of Pesticides Induced Toxicity in Fish

“…Pesticides induce different types of toxicity in fish, which these pesticides lead to, such as changes in fish behaviour (Scott and Sloman, 2004;Krian and Jha, 2009;Satyavardhan, 2013;Marigoudar et al, 2009;Ilavazhahan et al, 2010;Nwani et al, 2010;Nagaraju et al, 2011;Prashanth et al, 2011;David et al, 2012;Ullah et al, 2014c;Rani and Kumaraguru, 2014), haematological changes ( Joshi et al, 1988;Agrawal and Tyagi, 1988;Bhatkar and Dhande, 2000;Svoboda et al, 2001;Joshi et al, 2002;Johal and Grewal, 2004;Gautam and Kumar, 2008;Devi et al, 2008;Saeedi et al, 2012;Ullah et al, 2014d), histopathological disturbances (Anees, 1976;Kumaraguru et al, 1982;Arora and Kulreshta, 1984;Bakthavathsalam et al, 1984;Karlsson-Norrgren et al, 1985;Dutta et al, 1994 Vijaylakshmi and Tilak, 1996;Chatterjee et al, 1997;Das and Mukerjee, 2000;Mohan, 2000;Cengiz and Unlu, 2002;Parashar and Banerjee, 2002;Dutta et al, 2003;Johal et al, 2007;Kunjamma et al, 2008;Velmurugan et al, 2009;…”

“…Histopathological changes were also observed in ovary when expose to Malathion altered ovigerous lamellae, follicular cell degeneration, atrectic oocytes increment, clumping of cytoplasm, ruptured follicular epithelial lining and nuclear materials' shrinkage, which was attributed to endocrine and hormonal imbalance, while carofuran caused degeneration of connective tissues, follicular walls and vacuolization in the ooplasm during stage second and third (Mohan, 2000;Chatterjee et al, 1997;Dutta et al, 1994) and diazinon exposure resulted in different alterations in ovaries such as primary follicles adhesion, atretic oocytes increment, cytoplasmic retraction in oocyte II, damages to oocyte IV, vitellogenic membrane destruction, increased intrafollicular spaces, cytoplasmic degeneration, cytoplasmic necrosis, karyoplasm extrusion and vacuolated cytoplasm (Dutta et al, 2003). Malathion also resulted in changes in histology of liver, ovary and kidney in Heteropneustes fossilis (Deka and Mahanta, 2012).…”

Fluctuation of Serum TSH, FSH, Vitellogenin Level and Aassociated Ovarian Toxicity in <I>Clarias batrachus</I> (Linn.) Exposed to Pesticide

“…Out of the different systems, reproductive system is one of the most important organ which gets affected to a great extent. Attempts have been made to study the deleterious effect of pesticides on ovary of fish (Dutta et al, 1994;Ramchandra, 2000;Verma and Nath 2003;Verma et al, 2004), thyroid gonad relationship (Kobayashi et al, 1998), follicle stimulating hormone (Okomassoun et al, 2002) and serum vitellogenin level (Montiverdiand et al, 2000;Nath and Maitra, 2001;Verma and Rani, 2013;Okumara et al, 2004). However, the scanning electron microscopic studies related to the histopathological effects of Rogor at sub cellular level in the ovary of fish and its correlation with Thyroid-gonad hormone level have not been dealt in much detail.…”