Subliminal psychodynamic activation, food consumption, and self‐confidence

Talbot, Nancy L.; Duberstein, Paul R.; Scott, Paula

doi:10.1002/1097-4679(199111)47:6<813::aid-jclp2270470613>3.0.co;2-#

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Patton (1992) showed that a message of maternal separation, presented subliminally, stimulates bulimic-prone subjects to eat, whereas the same message has lesser effect on control subjects; a neutral message had no effect on either group. A maternal separation message presented subliminally to male subjects resulted in a greater loss of self-confidence than a neutral message (Talbot, Duberstein, & Scott, 1991). Jones (1994) used subliminal stimuli in supporting Freud's penis = baby equation.…”

Section: The Limitations Of Intuition As a Methods Of Ascertaining Truthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stephen A. Mitchell, Relational Psychoanalysis, and Empirical Data.

Masling

2003

Psychoanalytic Psychology

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Stephen A. Mitchell's theoretical writings are examined, with particular emphasis on his differences with drive theory, the consequences of his recommendation for greater involvement by the analyst, his (naive) trust in psychoanalytic self-correction, and the problems that follow from his belief that empirical data have little to contribute to psychoanalysis.Stephen A. Mitchell died unexpectedly on December 21, 2000, at the age of 54. It was a tragic loss because he was already one of the most influential and articulate leaders in psychoanalysis and he had a great deal more to contribute. His book with Greenberg Object Relations in Psychoanalytic Theory (Greenberg & Mitchell, 1983) sold 44,000 copies in the English edition alone (Spezzano, 2001, p. 10) and was instrumental in catapulting object relations theories into a leading place in American psychoanalysis. It was followed by Relational Concepts in Psychoanalysis (Mitchell, 1988), Hope and Dread in Psychoanalysis (Mitchell, 1993), and Influence and Autonomy in Psychoanalysis (Mitchell, 1997).His obituary notices described a man of enormous enthusiasm, discipline, and intelligence, whose caring and warmth attracted huge numbers of students and followers, making him "the most sought after teacher at NYU and at White, a mentor beyond parallel" (Ghent, 2001, p. 7). A founder of the relational school in psychoanalysis, he was a thoughtful (and persistent) critic of the psychoanalytic drive model. In contrast to a good deal of psychoanalytic writing, so often turgid, tedious, and impenetrable, Mitchell's prose is so well written it looks effortless. Friends and critics alike would have to agree that few have had such powerful influence on contemporary psychoanalysis.I am indebted to a number of colleagues for their counsel in the preparation of this essay. Drs.

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Section: The Limitations Of Intuition As a Methods Of Ascertaining Truthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stephen A. Mitchell, Relational Psychoanalysis, and Empirical Data.

Masling

2003

Psychoanalytic Psychology

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“…Particularly with fear, the conscious response to those memories inhibits the activity of the prefrontal cortex ( 2 , 34 ), making mental processing of the memories less effective. Without conscious accessing of the traumatic memory, defenses used to prevent experiencing painful emotions associated with the memory are not activated ( 2 , 35 ). Referring to the areas of the brain that process fear, Siegel reports that fMRI demonstrated that “Conscious exposure suppressed activity in these regions and did not diminish fear.”…”

Section: Limitations and Strengthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Processing of fear can occur even when the person is not consciously aware of what the brain is doing, and this processing can nevertheless impact emotional responses, attitudes, and behaviors ( 42–44 ). Siegel states in his fMRI study of spider phobia, “Overall, we believe our findings establish a neurobiological basis for the effects of non-conscious exposure, indicating recruitment of brain regions that support automatic fear extinction.” Importantly, the same stimuli or messages delivered in such a way that they could be consciously perceived have been shown to be significantly less effective in reducing fear than when they were “unreportable” ( 34 , 35 , 42 ). Although Siegel et al and Taschereau-Dumouchel et al have focused their research on phobias, both suggest in their articles that the results should be generalizable to other conditions.…”

Section: Limitations and Strengthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary evidence for the acceptability, safety, and efficacy of the flash technique

Manfield,

Taylor,

Dornbush

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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ObjectivesThis study reports on four similar studies intended to explore the acceptability, safety, and efficacy of the flash technique (FT), a method of rapidly reducing the intensity of a disturbing memory or image, with minimal subjective disturbance for subjects during the process. Of the four studies, two were conducted during FT trainings in the United States, one in Australia, and one in Uganda.MethodsThe studies involve pre-, post-, and follow-up repeated-measures design to determine the effectiveness of a 15-min FT intervention. A total of 654 subjects were asked to think of a disturbing memory and then participate in a structured experience of an FT. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether a brief application of an FT would be safe and effective in significantly reducing their disturbance. In each study, subjects rated their disturbing memories on a 0-to-10 scale, with zero representing no disturbance at all and 10 representing the worst they could imagine. Then, they took part in a 15-min group practicum where they were guided in a self-administering FT with no individual supervision or support.ResultsIn all four studies, the mean reduction in disturbance exceeded two-thirds, the results were significant (p < 0.001), and the effect size was very large. Of the 813 sessions (654 subjects) represented in these studies, only two subjects reported slight increases in disturbances, and both of these subjects reported reductions in disturbance in their second FT experiences 2 h later. At a 4-week follow-up, mean disturbance levels in all four studies indicated maintenance of benefit or slightly further reduction of mean disturbance levels. An 18-month follow-up study with a subgroup of subjects who initially reported a high level of memory-related distress found similar maintenance of gains as well as symptom reduction.ConclusionThese findings provide preliminary evidence of acceptability, safety, and efficacy of FT; therefore, further study is warranted.

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Subliminal advertising and the psychology of processing unconscious stimuli: A review of research

Theus

1994

Psychology and Marketing

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This article reviews progress to date on research on the effects of subliminal stimulation on subject populations and potential applications to persuasive communications. Three areas of inquiry covered in the literature include psychological, physiological, and behavioral (choice) responses, the last of which is of particular interest to advertising and marketing specialists. The article identifies several fruitful areas for continued research and experimentation, especially in areas of social marketing research. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Subliminal psychodynamic activation, food consumption, and self‐confidence

Cited by 10 publications

References 29 publications

Stephen A. Mitchell, Relational Psychoanalysis, and Empirical Data.

Stephen A. Mitchell, Relational Psychoanalysis, and Empirical Data.

Preliminary evidence for the acceptability, safety, and efficacy of the flash technique

Subliminal advertising and the psychology of processing unconscious stimuli: A review of research

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