Subliminal visual oddball stimuli evoke a P300 component

Bernat, Edward M.; Shevrin, Howard; Snodgrass, Michael

doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(00)00445-4

Cited by 87 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The lack of a clear N200, and the more frontal distribution of the P300 elicited by familiar (but not explicitly recognised) faces indicates the activity of a different processing route. It is interesting that several reports exist of P300 components triggered by stimuli not consciously perceived, such as subthreshold stimuli in visual oddball paradigms (Bernat, Shevrin, & Snodgrass, 2001;Brazdil, Rektor, Daniel, Dufek, & Jurak, 2001;Devrim, Demiralp, & Kurt, 1997). In several of these studies, differences in latency, amplitude, and topography were reported with respect to the classical P3b related to supra-threshold stimuli in the same experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain potentials reflect residual face processing in a case of prosopagnosia

Bobes

Lopera²,

Comas³

et al. 2004

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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Here, ERPs were employed to characterise the residual face processing of FE, a patient with extensive damage to the ventral temporal-occipital cortex and a dense prosopagnosia. A large N170 was present in FE and he performed well in tests of face structural processing. Covert recognition of the faces of personal acquaintances was demonstrated with P300 oddball experiments. The onset latency of the P300 effect was normal, indicating fast availability of covert memory. The scalp topography of this component in FE was different from that of the P3b, presenting a centro-frontal maximum. FE also presented larger skin conductance responses to familiar than to unfamiliar faces. The amplitudes of both the single-trial P300s and the SCRs triggered by familiar faces were positively correlated with the degree of person-familiarity that FE had for the poser. He performed at chance when asked to select between the face of a familiar person and that of an unfamiliar person on the basis of explicit recognition, whereas he selected more the previously known face if the forced choice was based on trustworthiness or a vague sense of familiarity. The results suggest that in FE, early face processing was relatively intact and covert recognition was fast. Neural structures involved in the processing of emotional or social cues possibly mediate the covert recognition present in FE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain potentials reflect residual face processing in a case of prosopagnosia

Bobes

Lopera²,

Comas³

et al. 2004

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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“…The actual origin of the P300 is still unclear. It is suggested to be related to the end of the cognitive processing, to memory updating after information evaluation or to information transfer to consciousness (Bernat et al, 2001;Gonsalvez & Polich, 2002). Typical peak latency of this positive wave occurs around 300 ms for most users; therefore, it is called as P300 wave.…”

Section: P300 Wavementioning

confidence: 99%

P300-based Brain-Computer Interface Paradigm Design

Fazel-Rezai¹,

Ahmad²

2011

Recent Advances in Brain-Computer Interface Systems

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“…Since developing this theory, we have made prospective predictions in two experiments. First, Bernat et al (2001) investigated unconscious P300 effects in a classical visual oddball paradigm (e.g., Pritchard, 1981). P300 oddball effects (i.e., greater amplitude to the rare stimulus) are a classic psychophysiological effect with supraliminal stimuli; here, we used ODT stimuli (d′ ϭ .10).…”

Section: Further Evidence For the Objective Threshold/strategic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, there are two major (and incompatible) unconscious perception models, each with its own methodological framework and reading of the experimental evidence. In this article, we propose a novel, third unconscious perception model, discussed fully in Snodgrass (in press; see also Bernat, Shevrin, & Snodgrass, 2001;Snodgrass, 2002). We suggest that the proposed model possesses methodological advantages that allow strong inferences for unconscious perceptual influences, and conversely that the two currently dominant models have not thus far succeeded in this respect.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Unconscious perception: A model-based approach to method and evidence

Snodgrass

Bernat

Shevrin

2004

Perception & Psychophysics

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156

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Unconscious perceptual effects remain controversial because it is hard to rule out alternative conscious perception explanations for them. We present a novel methodological framework, stressing the centrality of specifying the single-process conscious perception model (i.e., the null hypothesis). Various considerations, including those of SDT (Macmillan & Creelman, 1991), suggest that conscious perception functions hierarchically, in such a way that higher level effects (e.g., semantic priming) should not be possible without lower level discrimination (i.e., detection and identification). Relatedly, alternative conscious perception accounts (as well as the exhaustiveness, null sensitivity, and exclusiveness problems- Reingold & Merikle, 1988) predict positive relationships between direct and indirect measures. Contrariwise, our review suggests that negative and/or nonmonotonic relationships are found, providing strong evidence for unconscious perception and further suggesting that conscious and unconscious perceptual influences are functionally exclusive (cf. Jones, 1987), in such a way that the former typically override the latter when both are present. Consequently, unconscious perceptual effects manifest reliably only when conscious perception is completely absent, which occurs at the objective detection (but not identification) threshold.

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Subliminal visual oddball stimuli evoke a P300 component

Cited by 87 publications

References 43 publications

Brain potentials reflect residual face processing in a case of prosopagnosia

Brain potentials reflect residual face processing in a case of prosopagnosia

P300-based Brain-Computer Interface Paradigm Design

Unconscious perception: A model-based approach to method and evidence

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