Submarine ferromanganese deposits from the Mariana and Volcano volcanic arcs, West Pacific

Abstract

Cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts from the Exclusive Economic Zone of the United States and nodules from the oceanic Pacific, in: Scholl, D.W., Grantz, A., and Vedder, J. (eds.), Geology and resource potential of the continental margin of western North America and adjacent ocean basins: Circum-Pacific Council for Energy and Mineral Resources, Earth Science Series, Houston Texas.

Geochemistry and Mineralogy of a Modern Buserite Deposit from a Hot Spring in Hokkaido, Japan

“…manganese deposits (Hein et al 1987). The common Ce negative anomaly suggests that all the three types were formed from reducing to suboxic solutions in contrast to the positive anomaly observed in hydrogenetic manganese minerals formed from oxygenated normal sea water (Glasby et al 1987, Kunzendorf et al 1993.…”

Hydrothermal Manganese Minerals in Leg 126 Cores

“…The geological history at Sites 788 and 792 suggests that Samples OM1 and OM2 formed on or close to the then-active submarine volcanos on the volcanic front, similar to the modern low-temperature hydrothermal manganese deposits on the submarine volcanoes along the Izu-Bonin and Mariana arcs (Usui et al, 1986(Usui et al, ,1989Hein et al, 1987).…”

On the possibility to use stratabound hydrothermal crusts as indicators for local or global changes in the environment

“…It is described in the work of Hein et al (1990). The second sample signed as TT 192 (D20) is of hydrothermal origin from the active Mariana Arc in the West Pacific, collected aboard the RV T. Thomson in 1985, and was dredged at latitude 20136.71 0 -20136.96 0 (N), longitude 144139.17 0 -144138.49 0 (E), and at 1640-1510 m depth and is described in the United State Department of Interior Geological Survey Open File (Hein et al, 1987). The samples (16 and 10 g, respectively) were embedded in two-component glue and then cut parallel to the direction of growth into 2 mm thick slabs.…”