Submicrometer Particle Formation and Mercury Speciation Under O<sub>2</sub>−CO<sub>2</sub> Coal Combustion

Suriyawong, Achariya; Gamble, Michael W.; Lee, Myong‐Hwa; Axelbaum, Richard L.; Biswas, Pratim

doi:10.1021/ef060178s

Cited by 144 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In the second system (Figure 1b), coal was combusted in a drop-tube furnace (Lindberg/Blue; ThermoElectronCorp., Madison, WI, USA) Suriyawong et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2013b). Pulverized PRB (Powder River Basin) sub-bituminous coal (supplied by Ameren UE, St. Louis, MO) was used in the experiment without KI addition, whereas Chinese S03 coal was used in the KI addition case.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental mercury oxidation in an electrostatic precipitator enhanced with in situ soft X-ray irradiation

Wang

et al. 2014

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Corona discharge based techniques are promising approaches for oxidizing elemental mercury (Hg 0 ) in flue gas from coal combustion. In this study, in-situ soft X-rays were coupled to a DC (direct current) corona-based electrostatic precipitator (ESP). The soft X-rays significantly enhanced Hg 0 oxidation, due to generation of electrons from photoionization of gas molecules and the ESP electrodes. This coupling technique worked better in the positive corona discharge mode because more electrons were in the high energy region near the electrode. Detailed mechanisms of Hg 0 oxidation are proposed and discussed based on ozone generation measurements and Hg 0 oxidation behavior observations in single gas environments (O 2 , N 2 , and CO 2 ). The effect of O 2 concentration in flue gas, as well as the effects of particles (SiO 2 , TiO 2 , and KI) was also evaluated. In addition, the performance of a soft X-rays coupled ESP in Hg 0 oxidations was investigated in a lab-scale coal combustion system. With the ESP voltage at +10 kV, soft X-ray enhancement, and KI addition, mercury oxidation was maximized.Implications: Mercury is a significant-impact atmospheric pollutant due to its toxicity. Coal-fired power plants are the primary emission sources of anthropogenic releases of mercury; hence, mercury emission control from coal-fired power plant is important. This study provides an alternative mercury control technology for coal-fired power plants. The proposed electrostatic precipitator with in situ soft X-rays has high efficiency on elemental mercury conversion. Effects of flue gas conditions (gas compositions, particles, etc.) on performance of this technology were also evaluated, which provided guidance on the application of the technology for coal-fired power plant mercury control.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental mercury oxidation in an electrostatic precipitator enhanced with in situ soft X-ray irradiation

Wang

et al. 2014

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…In addition, the local combustion environment, in terms of oxygen (O 2 ) and carbon monoxide (CO), may influence the rate of volatilization and partitioning of trace elements. 17,22 When coal was present, because of its high fixed carbon content (ϳ43% by weight) compared with that of RPS (ϳ3% by weight), the local combustion environment could be more reducing; thus, volatilization in RPS was promoted.…”

Section: Partitioning and Fate Of Trace Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12,13 Utilization of coal in combustion processes has been reported to result in releases of fine particles and toxic elements in several ways. 14 -16 Suriyawong et al 17 reviewed particle formation mechanisms during coal combustion and showed possible routes along which trace metals are partitioned into vapor, submicron, and supermicron particles. The more volatile elements-such as mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd)-may be emitted in the gas phase or enriched in the fine (submicrometer) particulate fraction and, hence, escape capture by electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), fabric filters (FFs), or other air pollution control devices (APCDs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Recycling by Co-Combustion of Coal and Recovered Paint Solids from Automobile Paint Operations

Suriyawong

Magee

Peebles³

et al. 2009

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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During the past decade, there has been substantial interest in recovering energy from many unwanted byproducts from industries and municipalities. Co-combustion of these products with coal seems to be the most cost-effective approach. The combustion process typically results in emissions of pollutants, especially fine particles and trace elements. This paper presents the results of an experimental study of particulate emission and the fate of 13 trace elements (arsenic [As] [Zn]) during combustion tests of recovered paint solids (RPS) and coal. The emissions from combustions of coal or RPS alone were compared with those of co-combustion of RPS with subbituminous coal. The distribution/partitioning of these toxic elements between a coarse-mode ash (particle diameter [d p ] Ͼ 0.5 m), a submicrometer-mode ash (d p Ͻ 0.5 m), and flue gases was also evaluated. Submicrometer particles generated by combustion of RPS alone were lower in concentration and smaller in size than that from combustion of coal. However, co-combustion of RPS and coal increased the formation of submicrometer-sized particles because of the higher reducing environment in the vicinity of burning particles and the higher volatile chlorine species. Hg was completely volatilized in all cases; however, the fraction in the oxidized state increased with co-combustion. Most trace elements, except Zn, were retained in ash during combustion of RPS alone. Mo was mostly retained in all samples. The behavior of elements, except Mn and Mo, varied depending on the fuel samples. As, Ba, Cr, Co, Cu, and Pb were vaporized to a greater extent from cocombustion of RPS and coal than from combustion of either fuel. Evidence of the enrichment of certain toxic elements in submicrometer particles has also been observed for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, and Ni during co-combustion. INTRODUCTIONEnergy is an issue of great importance in the current times. This concern has not only called for extensive research and development in renewable energy and energy-efficient technologies, but has also increased interest in recovering energy from many unwanted byproducts from municipal and industrial sources to reduce consumption of fossil fuels. [1][2][3][4][5] Recovered paint solids (RPS) from automobile paint operations are one such industrial byproduct that has high energy content (ϳ24.9 MJ/kg) and are currently disposed into a landfill. Paint solids are generated from overspray liquid paint and clear-coating during the spraying process of an automobile paint operation. The overspray paint and overspray clear-coating are collected in a water solution, which contains a defoamer and a detackifier for charge neutralization of the overspray. The content is then solidified via flocculation, skimming, and dewatering processes. For a standard size vehicle, approximately 2.5 kg of paint solids

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“…Few studies have been pub lished on ash formation and deposition under oxyfuel combustion [15,19 23]. Sheng et al [15] and Suriyawong et al [21] showed that, in comparison with air, the combustion in a 20%O 2 /80%CO 2 mixture, shifted the particle size distribution of the submicron ash to a smaller size and decreased the yield of submicron parti cles. The elemental composition of submicron particles showed also variations.…”

Section: Introduction and Scope Of Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of ash deposition during coal combustion under oxyfuel conditions

Fryda

Sobrino

Glazer

et al. 2012

Fuel

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a b s t r a c tThis paper presents a comparative study on ash deposition of two selected coals, Russian coal and lignite, under oxyfuel (O 2 /CO 2 ) and air combustion conditions. The comparison is based on experimental results and subsequent evaluation of the data and observed trends. Deposited as well as remaining filter ash (fine ash) samples were subjected to XRD and ICP analyses in order to study the chemical composition and mineral transformations undergone in the ash under the combustion conditions. The experimental results show higher deposition propensities under oxyfuel conditions; the possible reasons for this are investigated by analyzing the parameters affecting the ash deposition phenomena. Particle size seems to be larger for the Russian coal oxy fired ash, leading to increased impaction on the deposition surfaces. The chemical and mineralogical compositions do not seem to differ significantly between air and oxyfuel conditions.The differences in the physical properties of the flue gas between air combustion and oxyfuel combus tion, e.g. density, viscosity, molar heat capacity, lead to changes in the flow field (velocities, particle tra jectory and temperature) that together with the ash particle size shift seem to play a role in the observed ash deposition phenomena.

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Submicrometer Particle Formation and Mercury Speciation Under O₂−CO₂ Coal Combustion

Cited by 144 publications

References 24 publications

Elemental mercury oxidation in an electrostatic precipitator enhanced with in situ soft X-ray irradiation

Elemental mercury oxidation in an electrostatic precipitator enhanced with in situ soft X-ray irradiation

Energy Recycling by Co-Combustion of Coal and Recovered Paint Solids from Automobile Paint Operations

Study of ash deposition during coal combustion under oxyfuel conditions

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Submicrometer Particle Formation and Mercury Speciation Under O2−CO2 Coal Combustion

Cited by 144 publications

References 24 publications

Elemental mercury oxidation in an electrostatic precipitator enhanced with in situ soft X-ray irradiation

Elemental mercury oxidation in an electrostatic precipitator enhanced with in situ soft X-ray irradiation

Energy Recycling by Co-Combustion of Coal and Recovered Paint Solids from Automobile Paint Operations

Study of ash deposition during coal combustion under oxyfuel conditions

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Submicrometer Particle Formation and Mercury Speciation Under O₂−CO₂ Coal Combustion