“…In addition, intercalation/deintercalation of titania offers good cycling stability, low volume expansion during charging/ discharging, and increased safety by virtue of the high Li-insertion potential (1.6-1.8 V vs. Li + /Li) [1,3,[12][13][14]. Unfortunately, in comparison with conventional anode materials, TiO 2 has a relatively low theoretical capacity of around 335 mAh g −1 , and intrinsically slow transport kinetics for both electrons and Li ions, which prevents this material from achieving optimal electrochemical performance [1,5,8,13,14]. The electrochemical application of titania depends strongly on its crystal structure, crystallite size, surface area, and thermal stability.…”