Submillimeter Test of the Gravitational Inverse-Square Law: A Search for “Large” Extra Dimensions

Hoyle, C. D.; Schmidt, Ulrich; Heckel, B. R.; Adelberger, E. G.; Gundlach, Jens H.; Kapner, Daniel; Swanson, H. E.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.86.1418

Cited by 561 publications

(506 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However we can also interpret at least the 5D result in terms of a warped extra dimension. This has more interesting consequences than the flat case, where the quantum gravity scale would have to exceed M 5 > ∼ 10 8 GeV in order to comply with sub-millimeter tests of gravity [23]. In the warped case, even if M 5 ∼ M p , the KK gravitons couple to the TeV brane with TeV strength, and they have a mass gap of order TeV.…”

Section: The Fermion Self-energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Loop-generated bounds on changes to the graviton dispersion relation

Burgess

Cline

Filotas

et al. 2002

J. High Energy Phys.

153

168

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We identify the effective theory appropriate to the propagation of massless bulk fields in braneworld scenarios, to show that the dominant low-energy effect of asymmetric warping in the bulk is to modify the dispersion relation of the effective 4-dimensional modes. We show how such changes to the graviton dispersion relation may be bounded through the effects they imply, through loops, for the propagation of standard model particles. We compute these bounds and show that they provide, in some cases, the strongest constraints on nonstandard gravitational dispersions. The bounds obtained in this way are the strongest for the fewest extra dimensions and when the extradimensional Planck mass is the smallest. Although the best bounds come for warped 5-D scenarios, for which M5 is O(TeV), even in 4 dimensions the graviton loop can lead to a bound on the graviton speed which is comparable with other constraints.

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Section: The Fermion Self-energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Loop-generated bounds on changes to the graviton dispersion relation

Burgess

Cline

Filotas

et al. 2002

J. High Energy Phys.

153

168

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“…For this purpose the sphere radius and the space separation to the disk should be increased. The other experimental schemes are of interest also, for example, dymanical ones [294,295,308] (note that the gravitational experiments on the search of hypothetical interactions in the submillimeter range also suggest some promise [309]). In any case the Casimir effect offers important advantages as a new test for fundamental physical theories.…”

Section: Constraints Following From the Atomic Force Microscope Measumentioning

confidence: 99%

New developments in the Casimir effect

2001

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We provide a review of both new experimental and theoretical developments in the Casimir effect. The Casimir effect results from the alteration by the boundaries of the zero-point electromagnetic energy. Unique to the Casimir force is its strong dependence on shape, switching from attractive to repulsive as function of the size, geometry and topology of the boundary. Thus the Casimir force is a direct manifestation of the boundary dependence of quantum vacuum. We discuss in depth the general structure of the infinities in the field theory which are removed by a combination of zeta-functional regularization and heat kernel expansion. Different representations for the regularized vacuum energy are given. The Casimir energies and forces in a number of configurations of interest to applications are calculated. We stress the development of the Casimir force for real media including effects of nonzero temperature, finite conductivity of the boundary metal and surface roughness. Also the combined effect of these important factors is investigated in detail on the basis of condensed matter physics and quantum field theory at nonzero temperature. The experiments on measuring the Casimir force are also reviewed, starting first with the older measurements and finishing with a detailed presentation of modern precision experiments. The latter are accurately compared with the theoretical results for real media. At the end of the review we provide the most recent constraints on the corrections to Newtonian gravitational law and other hypothetical long-range interactions at submillimeter range obtained from the Casimir force measurements.

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“…Gravity is tested down to ∼ 100 microns [2] without deviation from Newtonian predictions, so ℓ < 100 microns. On the other hand, the natural size of the radiatively stable cosmological constant in fat gravity is ∼ 1/(16π 2 ℓ 4 ), to be compared with the observed dark energy ∼ (10 −3 eV) 4 [21] [22].…”

Section: Phenomenology Of Fat Gravitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In looking for what to change, we see that there is a vast tract of completely unexplored gravitational physics between 10 −3 eV (∼ (100 microns) −1 ) [2] and a TeV which has, by default in Eq. (1.1), been assumed to be a desert.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1.2) is not minimal enough, that it implicitly makes an untested assumption about the short distance coupling of gravity to matter, and that there is a different possibility, "fat gravity", which eliminates the cosmological constant problem. Fat gravity has a distinct and exciting prediction for short-distance tests of gravity [2] [5] [6], namely a suppression of the gravitational force.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fat Euclidean gravity with small cosmological constant

Sundrum

2004

Nuclear Physics B

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The cosmological constant problem is usually considered an inevitable feature of any effective theory capturing well-tested gravitational and matter physics, without regard to the details of short-distance gravitational couplings. In this paper, a subtle effective description avoiding the problem is presented in a first quantized language, consistent with experiments and the Equivalence Principle. First quantization allows a minimal domain of validity to be carved out by cutting on the proper length of particle worldlines. This is facilitated by working in (locally) Euclidean spacetime, although considerations of unitarity are still addressed by analytic continuation from Lorentzian spacetime. The new effective description demonstrates that the cosmological constant problem is sensitive to short-distance details of gravity, which can be probed experimentally. "Fat Gravity" toy models are presented, illustrating how gravity might shut off at short but testable distances, in a generally covariant manner that suppresses the cosmological constant. This paper improves on previous work by allowing generalizations to massless matter, non-trivial spins, non-perturbative phenomena, and multiple (metastable) vacua. *

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Submillimeter Test of the Gravitational Inverse-Square Law: A Search for “Large” Extra Dimensions

Cited by 561 publications

References 15 publications

Loop-generated bounds on changes to the graviton dispersion relation

Loop-generated bounds on changes to the graviton dispersion relation

New developments in the Casimir effect

Fat Euclidean gravity with small cosmological constant

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