Subsidies and welfare maximization tradeoffs in bus transit systems

Zhou, Ying; Kim, Hong Sok; Schonfeld, Paul; Kim, Eungcheol

doi:10.1007/s00168-007-0177-8

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Here, conventional busses operate in two regions under all subsidy levels and undertake most of the passenger trips. Such behavior has been observed by Chang and Schonfeld and by Zhou et al for single region bus transit systems: the welfare vs. subsidy curve is relatively flat for conventional services and steep for flexible services.…”

Section: Sensitivity Analysessupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The average wait time parameter 0.5 is reasonable here because the headways are assumed to be equal and busses are assumed to arrive on‐time. The formulations of

t_{v, c}^{k}

and

t_{x, c}^{k}

are similar to those introduced by Zhou et al .…”

Section: Problem Statement and Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average user in‐vehicle time for flexible services is given by

t_{v, f}^{k} = \frac{J^{k}}{y^{k} V^{k}} + \frac{L^{k}}{2 b^{k} V^{k}} + \frac{W^{k}}{2 b^{k} V^{k}} + \frac{l^{k}}{2 V^{k}}

where l k is the collection tour distance estimated with Stein's formula :

l^{k} = ϕ \sqrt{n^{k} A^{k}} = ϕ A^{k} \sqrt{q^{k} h^{k} true/ u^{k} L^{k} W^{k}}

, in which

q^{k} = true {true\sum}_{j = 0}^{m} q^{k j} + true {true\sum}_{i = 0}^{m} q^{i k}

and ϕ = 1.15 for rectilinear spaces . Note that Equation differs from Zhou et al because of assumption 3 for flexible services applied in this study.…”

Section: Problem Statement and Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Welfare maximization for bus transit systems with timed transfers and financial constraints

Chen

Schonfeld

Miller-Hooks

2015

J of Advced Transportation

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYConventional and flexible bus services may be combined to better serve regions with a wide range of characteristics. If demand densities and resulting service frequencies are low, the coordination of bus arrivals at transfer stations may significantly reduce passenger transfer times. A method is proposed for integrating, coordinating, and optimizing bus services while considering many-to-many travel patterns, demand elasticity, financial constraints, and appropriate service type for various regions. The objective is to maximize welfare, that is, the sum of producer and consumer surplus. The problem is solved with a hybrid optimization method, in which a genetic algorithm with bounded integer variables is selected for solving one of the subproblems. The service types, fares, headways, and service zone sizes are jointly optimized. Sensitivity analyses explore how the choice among conventional and flexible busses depends on the demand, subsidy, and demand elasticity parameters. The results also show that welfare can increase due to coordination, and these increases are found to be higher in cases with high demand or low subsidy.

show abstract

Section: Sensitivity Analysessupporting

confidence: 61%

“…The average wait time parameter 0.5 is reasonable here because the headways are assumed to be equal and busses are assumed to arrive on‐time. The formulations of

t_{v, c}^{k}

and

t_{x, c}^{k}

are similar to those introduced by Zhou et al .…”

Section: Problem Statement and Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average user in‐vehicle time for flexible services is given by

t_{v, f}^{k} = \frac{J^{k}}{y^{k} V^{k}} + \frac{L^{k}}{2 b^{k} V^{k}} + \frac{W^{k}}{2 b^{k} V^{k}} + \frac{l^{k}}{2 V^{k}}

where l k is the collection tour distance estimated with Stein's formula :

l^{k} = ϕ \sqrt{n^{k} A^{k}} = ϕ A^{k} \sqrt{q^{k} h^{k} true/ u^{k} L^{k} W^{k}}

, in which

q^{k} = true {true\sum}_{j = 0}^{m} q^{k j} + true {true\sum}_{i = 0}^{m} q^{i k}

and ϕ = 1.15 for rectilinear spaces . Note that Equation differs from Zhou et al because of assumption 3 for flexible services applied in this study.…”

Section: Problem Statement and Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Welfare maximization for bus transit systems with timed transfers and financial constraints

Chen

Schonfeld

Miller-Hooks

2015

J of Advced Transportation

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Unit operating cost, B c , is assumed to be a function of vehicle size (i.e., B c ¼ a þ bS c ): Zhou et al (2008) considered a flexible service with elastic demand for only one time period and one region. Their solutions were obtainable with basic calculus since the problem was relatively simple.…”

Section: Conventional Bus Operating Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximizing net benefits for conventional and flexible bus services

Kim

Schonfeld

2015

Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…These include Guan et al, [5], Fan and Machemehl [3], Zhou et al [24], Li et al [11], Tsai et al [20], DiJoseph and Chien [2], Kim and Schonfeld [8], and Markovic et al [13]. Kim et al [7] optimized vertical alignments and speed profiles for rail transit lines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Method for Optimizing the Phased Development of Rail Transit Lines

Cheng¹,

Schonfeld

2015

Urban Rail Transit

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper develops a method for optimizing the construction phases for rail transit line extension projects with the objective of maximizing the net present worth and examines the economic feasibility of such extension projects under various financial constraints (i.e., unconstrained, revenue-constrained, and budget-constrained cases). A Simulated Annealing algorithm is used for solving this problem. Rail transit projects may be divided into several phases due to budget limits or demand growth that justifies different sections at different times. A mathematical model is developed to optimize these phases for a simple, one-route rail transit system, running from a Central Business District (CBD) to a suburban area. Some interesting results indicate that the economic feasibility of links with low demand is affected by the completion time of those links and their demand growth rate after their implementation. Sensitivity analysis explores the effects of interest rates on optimized results (i.e., construction phases and objective value). With further development, such a method should be useful to transportation planners and decision-makers in optimizing construction phases for rail transit line extension projects.

show abstract

Subsidies and welfare maximization tradeoffs in bus transit systems

Abstract: R13, R40, R48,

Cited by 26 publications

References 13 publications

Welfare maximization for bus transit systems with timed transfers and financial constraints

Welfare maximization for bus transit systems with timed transfers and financial constraints

Maximizing net benefits for conventional and flexible bus services

A Method for Optimizing the Phased Development of Rail Transit Lines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About