Subsidizing child care: How child care subsidies affect the child care used by low-income African American families

Weinraub, Marsha; Shlay, Anne B.; Harmon, Michelle; Tran, Henry

doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2005.10.001

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…However, Weinraub et al (2005) found no differences in quality of care for subsidized and non-subsidized children in a variety of care types (center, family, regulated, unregulated). Child care subsidy may provide access to better quality care, but quality of subsidized programs is variable.…”

mentioning

confidence: 78%

“…Parents receiving child care subsidies tend to use more formal care, including licensed family child care and center care, than do poor families not receiving subsidies (Burstein and Layzer, 2007;Crosby et al, 2005;Weinraub et al, 2005). Witte and Queralt (2004) found that when reimbursement rates for formal child care subsidy were substantially increased, families were more likely to choose formal licensed child care.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Family income, parent education, and perceived constraints as predictors of observed program quality and parent rated program quality

Torquati

Raikes

Huddleston-Casas

et al. 2011

Early Childhood Research Quarterly

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mentioning

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Family income, parent education, and perceived constraints as predictors of observed program quality and parent rated program quality

Torquati

Raikes

Huddleston-Casas

et al. 2011

Early Childhood Research Quarterly

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“…Parents with low incomes are, however, more likely to use center-based care when subsidies and other policies promoting center care are made available to them Fuller et al, 2002;Weinraub, Shlay, Harmon, & Tran, 2005). Because the availability of child care subsidies may increase parents' use of center-based care, it is especially important to understand how the experiences provided in such care differ from those that children from similar backgrounds have in other types of care.…”

Section: Income Differences In Features Of Carementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One motivation for this research was the finding that availability of child care subsidies increases the likelihood that low-income parents will use center care (Crosby, Dowsett, et al, 2005;Fuller et al, 2002;Weinraub et al, 2005). Some commentators have asked whether this is "good" for children.…”

Section: Implications For Policy and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and process features in three types of child care for children from high and low income families

Dowsett

Huston

Imes

et al. 2008

Early Childhood Research Quarterly

223

122

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We use observations from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) to compare structural and process characteristics of child care centers, family child care homes (nonrelative care in a home setting) and care by relatives for 2, 3-and 4 ½-year-old children. Type of care differences in structural and caregiver characteristics were consistent across ages: centers had higher child-to-adult ratios and bigger groups; centers had caregivers with better education, more training in early childhood, and less traditional beliefs about child rearing. Children in centers experienced more cognitive stimulation, less frequent language interactions with adults, less frequent negative interactions with adults, and less television viewing than did those in other types of care. In centers and family child care homes compared to relative settings, children engaged in more positive and negative interactions with peers and spent more time in transition and unoccupied. Curvilinear associations were found between structural features of care and family income, particularly for caregiver education and training. In contrast, process measures of caregiving rose monotonically with family income. Children from high-income families experienced more sensitive care, more cognitive stimulation, and fewer negative interactions with adults than did those from low-income families. We interpret the findings by linking the structural features and caregiver training to the cognitive and social processes observed in different types of care. Future research designed to understand the influences of child care on children's behavior might benefit from using this more nuanced description of child care experiences.Child care quality is a well-documented predictor of children's intellectual and social development, but recent evidence indicates that type of care may be important independently of "global" ratings of quality. A recurrent finding in the literature is that children who participate in center-based arrangements-including Head Start-during their infant and preschool years perform better on cognitive and language development and show better preacademic skills than children who spend an equivalent amount of time in child care homes or relative care of comparable quality (Garces, Thomas, & Currie, 2002; NICHD Early Child Care Research Network [ECCRN], 2000a; NICHD ECCRN & Duncan, 2003).The relations of type of care to children's social behavior are more uncertain. Two longitudinal studies of large, national samples have shown that children with more center care experience were rated by caregivers and elementary school teachers as having more behavior problems and less self control than those who had not experienced center care (Magnuson, Ruhm, & Waldfogel, 2007; NICHD 2002;2003a). Most longitudinal investigations of children from Contact author Chantelle Dowsett, Human Development & Family Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station/A2700, Austin, TX 78712; 512-471-3141; E-mail: dowsettcj@mail.utexa...

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“…However, research has shown that the availability of a government subsidy to help pay for child care increased the affordability of certain types of care for low-income families (Collins, Layzer, and Kreader 2007). Specifically, parents using child care subsidies were more likely to use center-based care (Tekin 2005;Weinraub et al 2005;Burstein and Layzer 2007;Wolfe and Scrivner 2004). Most of these studies examine the type of care used at a single point in time, providing limited information on the stability of the care arrangements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Time for a change? Predictors of child care changes by low-income families

Davis

Carlin

Krafft

et al. 2014

Journal of Children and Poverty

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Instability in child care arrangements can negatively affect children's development, especially in low-income families. However, few studies have examined what predicts changes over time in child care arrangements. This paper presents findings from a unique multiyear study tracking child care use in low-income families. We estimate rich quantitative models to analyze the relationships among child, household, and care provider characteristics and four different types of changes. We find turnover in child care arrangements to be common in this low-income population. Over a period of six months, half of the children changed primary provider. Child care changes were frequently related to job loss, changes in family composition, or the changing availability of caregivers. While concerns have been raised that short spells of child care subsidy receipt cause child care instability, we found that subsidy use was not associated with higher rates of change. In addition, we found that the lower a parent's assessment of the child's experience in a particular arrangement in the prior time period, the higher the likelihood of changing providers by the next survey wave. These results indicate that low-income parents recognize quality factors and change arrangements to improve the quality of care.

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Subsidizing child care: How child care subsidies affect the child care used by low-income African American families

Cited by 37 publications

References 34 publications

Family income, parent education, and perceived constraints as predictors of observed program quality and parent rated program quality

Family income, parent education, and perceived constraints as predictors of observed program quality and parent rated program quality

Structural and process features in three types of child care for children from high and low income families

Time for a change? Predictors of child care changes by low-income families

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