Substance abuse amongst the medical graduate students in a developing country

Arora, Amit; Sridharan, Kannan; Sivaramakrishnan, Gowri; Choudhary, Sonam; Sudarasanan, S; Khosla, Prem Prakash

doi:10.4103/0971-5916.178617

Cited by 76 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In addition, admission to a university is recognized as a time of particular vulnerability to drug abuse [ 25 ]. Other studies have also shown that the onset of drug abuse among students was mainly in the first year of university education, although the following years were also associated with an increase in drug abuse [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A study among freshmen college students in the US showed that hookah use in the past 30 days increased in the first academic year, and the highest prevalence of hookah use onset was in the first 2 months of academic instruction [ 25 ]. Freshmen are especially vulnerable to drug abuse [ 25 ], and the onset of drug abuse among students is typically in the first year of college [ 26 ], although the following years witness further increases in drug abuse [ 27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Substance abuse behaviors among university freshmen in Iran: a latent class analysis

et al. 2018

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OBJECTIVESSubstance abuse behaviors among university freshmen in Iran are poorly understood. This study aimed to identify, for the first time, subgroups of university freshmen in Iran on the basis of substance abuse behaviors. Moreover, it examined the effects of socio-demographic characteristics on membership in each specific subgroup.METHODSData for the study were collected cross-sectionally in December 2013 and January 2014 from 4 major cities in Iran: Tabriz, Qazvin, Karaj, and Khoramabad. A total of 5,252 first-semester freshmen were randomly selected using a proportional cluster sampling methodology. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify subgroups of students on the basis of substance abuse behaviors and to examine the effects of students’ socio-demographic characteristics on membership in each specific subgroup.RESULTSThe LCA procedure identified 3 latent classes: the healthy group; the hookah experimenter group; and the unhealthy group. Approximately 82.8, 16.1, and 2.1% of students were classified into the healthy, hookah experimenter, and unhealthy groups, respectively. Older age, being male, and having a family member or a close friend who smoked increased the risk of membership in classes 2 and 3, compared to class 1.CONCLUSIONSApproximately 2.1% of freshmen exhibited unhealthy substance abuse behaviors. In addition, we found that older age, being male, and having a close friend or family member who smoked may serve as risk factors for substance abuse behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance abuse behaviors among university freshmen in Iran: a latent class analysis

et al. 2018

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“…The most common mental disorders affecting students are anxiety disorders, particularly in women [60], and they also report higher levels of stress than men [71]. Seventy-five to ninety percent of medical students, including nursing, increase alcohol and tobacco consumption particularly in the last year of their medical education [72]. Most of the cases (72%) feel a state of emotional well-being that helps to cope with the experienced psychological stress they are exposed to, despite being aware of the consequences of excessive alcohol and tobacco consumption [72].…”

Section: Stress and Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seventy-five to ninety percent of medical students, including nursing, increase alcohol and tobacco consumption particularly in the last year of their medical education [72]. Most of the cases (72%) feel a state of emotional well-being that helps to cope with the experienced psychological stress they are exposed to, despite being aware of the consequences of excessive alcohol and tobacco consumption [72]. Something similar has been reported in nursing students, where stress, environmental influences, social acceptance, and easy availability of alcohol, as well as anxiety generated by the difficulty of the educational program, are factors that increase alcohol consumption in this population [73].…”

Section: Stress and Mental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress in Nursing University Students and Mental Health

Pulido-Criollo¹,

Cueto‐Escobedo²,

Ruiz³

2018

Health and Academic Achievement

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Stress is a physiological response that impacts the cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and social components. It also involves the adaptation of the organism, the coping resources, and the environment. In young people, stress can be triggered by social interactions or school requirements. This chapter is a narrative review analyzing scientific bibliography from the main databases (NIH, Scielo, Redalyc) that explored the main stressors and their effects on nursing students. These stressors include the care of patients, assignments and workloads, academic evaluations, and negative or hostile social interactions. Data include the deleterious effects of stress in nursing students as anxiety, depression, inhibiting learning, and burnout, which negatively impact their academic development and health. Finally, some interventions to reduce the impact of stress are discussed. Conclusion: Stress responses in nursing students vary in duration and intensity during their academic training; final effects depend on the coping mechanisms, individual resources, and hospital environment. The effects of stress on nursing students impact on academic performance but could also trigger several psychiatric disorders as depression or anxiety, as well as other associated problems such as sleep disorders, alcohol, and psychoactive drug consumption, which in the short and long term may affect the patient care.

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“…Overall, the prevalence of substance use among health care students ranges from 5% to 67% [ 8 – 14 ], with higher percentages (67%) being reported in developed countries like the United States [ 8 ]. Among developing countries, such as Iran [ 9 , 10 ], Ethiopia [ 11 ], Nepal [ 12 , 13 ], and India [ 14 ] substance use among health care students varies from 5% to 48%. Moreover, 91.7% of the medical students using illicit substances admitted using them despite knowing their ill effects and the legal consequences [ 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and correlates of substance use among health care students in Nepal: a cross sectional study

Panthee¹,

Panthee²,

Gyawali³

et al. 2017

BMC Public Health

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BackgroundSubstance use among health care students threatens professional standards and the delivery of quality services, potentially placing the public at risk. Therefore, our study aims to determine the prevalence and correlates associated with substance use among Nepalese health care students.MethodA cross-sectional survey using a self-administered health professional questionnaire was conducted among pharmacy, nursing, and public health students at three universities in Nepal in 2010.ResultsWe analyzed data from 407 respondents (response rate, 82%) with a mean age of 22 years (standard deviation = 3.71). The overall lifetime prevalence of substance use (i. e., illegal use of prescription drugs and illegal drug use) was 42.8%. Marijuana was the most commonly used illegal drug (8.8%) and minor opiates (e.g., codeine cough syrups) were the most widely used illegal prescription drugs (32.4%). Substance use was directly associated with cigarette smoking, peer influence, and heavy drinking. In addition, respondents reported some major and minor dysfunctions because of their substance use.ConclusionThe prevalence of substance use among health care students at the three universities in Nepal was high. Peer influence, cigarette smoking, and heavy drinking were significant predictors of substance use.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-017-4980-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Substance abuse amongst the medical graduate students in a developing country

Cited by 76 publications

References 11 publications

Substance abuse behaviors among university freshmen in Iran: a latent class analysis

Substance abuse behaviors among university freshmen in Iran: a latent class analysis

Stress in Nursing University Students and Mental Health

Prevalence and correlates of substance use among health care students in Nepal: a cross sectional study

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