Substance Abuse, Employment, and Welfare Tenure

Chandler, Daniel; Meisel, Joan; Jordan, Pat; Rienzi, Beth Menees; Goodwin, Sandra Naylor

doi:10.1086/424547

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…One possible explanation for this is that women on TANF with HDS had greater readiness to change at treatment entry than those with LDS. Women with co-occurring depression and substance dependence are known to experience greater levels of physical and fi nancial distress than their nondepressed counterparts (Chandler et al, 2004;Poleshuck et al, 2006;Schmidt et al, 2002), which may enhance their motivation to initiate treatment. In an effort to explore this possibility, we correlated readiness to change with the continuous BDI-II score and found a weak, but highly signifi cant, positive relationship (r = .200, p < .001).…”

Section: Additional Post Hoc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression's Moderation of the Effectiveness of Intensive Case Management With Substance-Dependent Women on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families: Outpatient Substance Use Disorder Treatment Utilization and Outcomes

Kuerbis

Neighbors²,

Morgenstern³

2011

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Intensive case management (ICM) is effective for facilitating entry into and retention in outpatient substance use disorder treatment (OSUDT) for low-income substance-dependent women; however, no studies have specifi cally examined the moderating impact of depressive symptoms on ICM. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether depressive symptoms moderated ICM's effect on OSUDT engagement, attendance, and outcomes for substance-dependent women on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF). It was hypothesized that highly depressed women would demonstrate worse outcomes on all indicators. Method: Logistic regression and generalized estimating equations were used to determine depression's moderating impact on ICM in a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial comparing the effectiveness of ICM to usual care provided by local public assistance offi ces in Essex County, NJ. Substance-dependent women (N = 294) were recruited while being screened for TANF eligibility and were followed for 24 months. Results: Findings revealed that high levels of depressive symptoms moderated the effectiveness of ICM in unexpected directions for two outcome variables. Subjects with high levels of depressive symptoms in ICM were (a) signifi cantly more likely to engage in at least one treatment program than those in usual care and (b) associated with the fewest mean drinks per drinking day across the 24-month follow-up period. Independent effects for high levels of depressive symptoms and ICM were also found to positively infl uence engagement, attendance, and percentage days abstinent. Conclusions: ICM is effective for substance-dependent women with a broad spectrum of depressive symptoms in enhancing OSUDT utilization and outcomes.

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Section: Additional Post Hoc Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression's Moderation of the Effectiveness of Intensive Case Management With Substance-Dependent Women on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families: Outpatient Substance Use Disorder Treatment Utilization and Outcomes

Kuerbis

Neighbors²,

Morgenstern³

2011

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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“…An understanding of these barriers is a necessary step in addressing the issue of unemployment among drug users and designing programs to assist drug users in obtaining and maintaining employment. Serious obstacles to employment include: serious health problems, domestic violence, impaired psychiatric functioning, low self-esteem, learning disabilities, limited work skills, lack of high school education, not having a driver's license, and minority status (Chandler, Meisel, Jordan, Rienzi, and Goodwin, 2004;Gutman et al, 2003;Morgenstern et al, 2003). All of the obstacles are relevant to CDUs.…”

Section: Subst Use Misuse Downloaded From Informahealthcarecom By MImentioning

confidence: 99%

Employment Among Chronic Drug Users at Baseline and 6-Month Follow-Up

McCoy

Comerford

Metsch

2007

Substance Use & Misuse

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Most studies of unemployment among chronic drug users (CDUs) are drug-user treatment-based and there is little information on employment/unemployment among CDUs not in treatment. Between June 2003 and September 2004, 492 CDUs in Miami-Dade, Florida, were administered a quantitative survey at baseline and 6 months later; employment status was measured. Descriptive statistics showed that only 15% were employed at both periods, an equal percentage becoming employed and unemployed at 6 months. The majority of CDUs were unemployed at both time periods. Men were more likely than women to exhibit consistent employment over the two time periods. The study's limitations are noted and future research is suggested.

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“…Employability decreases dramatically based on the number of barriers faced by a TANF recipient (Bilby, 2005;Chandler et al, 2004). These barriers include lack of high school diploma, drug dependence, domestic violence, and low work skills (Bilby).…”

Section: Barriers To Employabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, declines in urban areas have been smaller than in non-urban areas with the exception of New York City (Dunlap et al, 2003). Complicating the analysis is that women who leave welfare often return, especially those from poor urban areas (Anderson, Halter, & Gryzlak, 2004;Chandler, Meisel, Jordan, Rienzi, & Goodwin, 2004). Many welfare-to-work participants simply leave the welfare rolls to join the ranks of the working poor whereby they earn minimum wage with few benefits provided (Danziger, Corcoran, Danziger, & Heflin, 2000;Reutebuch, 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

TANF Recipients' Barriers to Employability: Substance Abuse and Domestic Violence

Pilkinton

2010

Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment

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Recipients of temporary assistance for needy families (TANF) encounter a variety of expectations and sanctions. Recipients face work requirements, limited resources, and barriers to employability, including the barrier of substance use. This article addresses the sanctions that are applied to clients who do not meet expectations of the policy, barriers to employability, disparities in resources, and factors influencing referrals for substance abuse treatment for TANF clients.

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Substance Abuse, Employment, and Welfare Tenure

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Depression's Moderation of the Effectiveness of Intensive Case Management With Substance-Dependent Women on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families: Outpatient Substance Use Disorder Treatment Utilization and Outcomes

Depression's Moderation of the Effectiveness of Intensive Case Management With Substance-Dependent Women on Temporary Assistance for Needy Families: Outpatient Substance Use Disorder Treatment Utilization and Outcomes

Employment Among Chronic Drug Users at Baseline and 6-Month Follow-Up

TANF Recipients' Barriers to Employability: Substance Abuse and Domestic Violence

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