Substance P and NPY differentially potentiate ATP and adrenergic stimulated vasopressin and oxytocin release

Kapoor, John R; Sladek, Celia D.

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.1.r69

Cited by 34 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The antagonist was added to the perifusate 30 min before SP. As shown in Figure 3, SP caused a dose-dependent increase in VP release comparable with that observed previously (Kapoor and Sladek, 2001), with 5 M SP resulting in a sustained increase of ϳ250% of basal and 10 M SP causing a 300 -400% increase. These increases are statistically significant (F 5 M ϭ 10.8, p Ͻ 0.0001; F 10 M ϭ 10.04, p Ͻ 0.0001) and were sustained for the duration of exposure to SP.…”

Section: Effect Of Nk1-r Antagonistsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…VP concentration in the perifusate was determined by RIA as described previously (Kapoor and Sladek, 2001). The antisera was generated in conjunction with Arnel Products (Brooklyn, NY) and used at a final dilution of 1:100,000.…”

Section: Hns Explant Perifusion Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The report that SP is reduced in SON after hemorrhage (Feuerstein et al, 1984) supports release of SP in response to activation of the A1 pathway by hypotension. SP is a potent stimulus for VP and OT release with 10 M SP inducing a large and sustained increase in VP and OT release from explants of the hypothalamo-neurohypophyseal system (Kapoor and Sladek, 2001;Juszczak and Stempniak, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Neurokinin 3 Receptors in Supraoptic Vasopressin and Oxytocin Neurons

Howe

Somponpun²,

Sladek³

2004

J. Neurosci.

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Section: Effect Of Nk1-r Antagonistsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Hns Explant Perifusion Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Neurokinin 3 Receptors in Supraoptic Vasopressin and Oxytocin Neurons

Howe

Somponpun²,

Sladek³

2004

J. Neurosci.

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“…The presence of Y1R-and Y5R-ir on magnocellular PVN and SON suggests that activation of these receptors may influence the synthesis and/or release of oxytocin (OT) and vasopressin (VP). Both in vivo and in vitro studies demonstrate that NPY dose dependently stimulates vasopressin (Leibowitz et al, 1988;Liu et al, 1994;Larsen et al, 1994) and oxytocin synthesis and secretion (Kapoor and Sladek, 2001). Administration of NPY and the Y1 and Y5 receptor preferring ligand [Leu 31 Pro 34 ]NPY excites vasopressin cells, stimulates release in vitro (Khanna et al, 1993;Kapoor and Sladek, 2001), and enhances both VP and OT release by phenylephrine, an ␣ 1 receptor agonist.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative distribution of neuropeptide Y Y1 and Y5 receptors in the rat brain by using immunohistochemistry

Wolak

DeJoseph

Cator

et al. 2003

J of Comparative Neurology

183

198

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Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y1 and Y5 receptor subtypes mediate many of NPY's diverse actions in the central nervous system. The present studies use polyclonal antibodies directed against the Y1 and Y5 receptors to map and compare the relative distribution of these NPY receptor subtypes within the rat brain. Antibody specificity was assessed by using Western analysis, preadsorption of the antibody with peptide, and preimmune serum controls. Immunostaining for the Y1 and Y5 receptor subtypes was present throughout the rostral-caudal aspect of the brain with many regions expressing both subtypes: cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdala, and brainstem. Further studies using double-label immunocytochemistry indicate that Y1R immunoreactivity (-ir) and Y5R-ir are colocalized in the cerebral cortex and caudate putamen. Y1 receptor ir was evident in the central amygdala, whereas both Y1- and Y5-immunoreactive cells and fibers were present in the basolateral amygdala. Corresponding with the physiology of NPY in the hypothalamus, both Y1R- and Y5R-ir was present within the paraventricular (PVN), supraoptic, arcuate nuclei, and lateral hypothalamus. In the PVN, Y5R-ir and Y1R-ir were detected in cells and fibers of the parvo- and magnocellular divisions. Intense immunostaining for these receptors was observed within the locus coeruleus, A1-5 and C1-3 nuclei, subnuclei of the trigeminal nerve and nucleus tractus solitarius. These data provide a detailed and comparative mapping of Y1 and Y5 receptor subtypes within cell bodies and nerve fibers in the brain which, together with physiological and electrophysiological studies, provide a better understanding of NPY neural circuitries.

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“…This mechanism is different from the VP stimulation induced by somatostatin analogs that require an intact renin-angiotensin system (11). Because NPY is colocalized with VP in hypothalamo-neurohypophysial magnocellular neurons and potentiates VP release from the neural lobe of the pituitary, the role for NPY to contribute to the regulation of VP release is expanded (14).There are differences in the size and metabolism of adipocytes of the elderly (15). The "anorexia of aging," a clinical syndrome seen in elderly patients, is, how-…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropeptide Y

DiBona

2002

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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NEUROPEPTIDE Y (NPY) was identified as a neuropeptide that is colocalized and coreleased with the neurotransmitter norepinephrine from sympathetic nerve terminals. In this regard, a large body of research on NPY focused on its role in autonomic physiology and pharmacology as a potentiator of the postsynaptic actions of norepinephrine. However, with the increased understanding of the genes and their encoded proteins involved in the central nervous system regulation of feeding behavior and food intake (9,10,20), there is expanding research on the role of NPY as one of the most potent orexigenic signal molecules in the brain of mammals. Thus application of NPY is a common feeding stimulus (6, 23). Because feeding behavior and food intake are important determinants of the balance between energy intake and energy expenditure in the regulation of body weight, it is not surprising to learn that NPY is also a major regulator of food intake in nonmammalian species, such as the goldfish (Carassius auratus) (22).Uncoupling proteins (UCP) are mediators of thermogenesis that may contribute to the regulation of energy balance. For example, in differentiated adipocytes, UCP-1 is coexpressed with metallothionein, which is strongly expressed during activation of thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (2). Injection of NPY into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of rats increased food intake and this was associated with a decrease in expression of UCP-1 mRNA in brown adipose tissue, whereas the expression of UCP-2 and UCP-3 mRNA in white adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, respectively, was not regulated by NPY. Thus NPY produces a specific and differential regulation of the expression of genes for the UCPs, which, as mediators of thermogenesis, may contribute to the regulation of energy balance (17). The PVN seems to be a crucial region for the control of food intake by different substances (7,8). The increase in food intake produced by injections of NPY into the PVN is blocked by injection of the opioid antagonist naltrexone into the medial portion of the nucleus of the solitary tract (mNTS). It remains to be determined whether this functional pathway from PVN (NPY) to mNTS (opioid) is monosynpatic or multisynaptic (16).A number of peptides control food intake under specific conditions, such as leptin (5,12,24). Contrasting the behavioral responses to NPY and leptin, it appears that NPY stimulates the responses used to obtain food but inhibits those used to consume food [such as gastric emptying (13)], whereas leptin has the opposite effect. In regard to the specificity of the responses, NPYtreated male rats chose to ingest a sucrose solution rather than copulate with a female, whereas leptintreated male rats made the opposite choices. Therefore, NPY is not merely an orexigenic peptide but one that directs attention to food. Leptin may not be an anorexic peptide but one that diverts attention away from food toward alternate stimuli. Under some conditions, leptin seems to inhibit NPY mRNA expression (19). It may be speculated that...

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Substance P and NPY differentially potentiate ATP and adrenergic stimulated vasopressin and oxytocin release

Cited by 34 publications

References 56 publications

Role of Neurokinin 3 Receptors in Supraoptic Vasopressin and Oxytocin Neurons

Role of Neurokinin 3 Receptors in Supraoptic Vasopressin and Oxytocin Neurons

Comparative distribution of neuropeptide Y Y1 and Y5 receptors in the rat brain by using immunohistochemistry

Neuropeptide Y

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