Substance Use and Substance Use Disorders

Towards Mental and Physical Resilience in Sports: Recognizing Psychopathology with Regard to Performance Optimization

“…As a final example of psychopathology in sports, consider the prevalence of addiction and its comorbid relationship to mental illness among athletes [23]: There is much documented regarding substance use during an athlete's career, including alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, stimulants, and prescription opioids [24][25][26][27][28][29]. It is also important to note that many elite athletes become used to moments of incredible pressure coupled with the extreme highs and lows of a life where you either win or you lose.…”