Substitution of inorganic fertilizers by organic manures and the effect on soil fertility in a rice–wheat rotation on reclaimed sodic soil in India

Abstract

involving use of NPK fertilizers alone and in combination with green manure (Sesbania bispinosa) or farmyard manure (FYM) in a rice-wheat cropping sequence. An attempt was made to evaluate the effect of the substitution of inorganic fertilizers with organic manures on yields of grain and nutrients, economy and soil fertility during 1997-98 and 1998-99. Application of NPK and its combination with green manuring and FYM increased the rice yield significantly. Applying inorganic fertilizers resulted in similar nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in rice as compared with organic manures along with inorganic fertilizers, but NUE was increased in wheat by the residual effect of organic manures along with inorganic fertilizers. The responses of rice to the application of the full recommended amount of inorganic fertilizers (120 kg N, 26 kg P and 42 kg K/ha) and its combined use with green manure or 10 t/ha FYM and 150 % recommended amount (180 kg N, 39 kg P and 63 kg K/ha) were 2 . 98, 4 . 27, 4 . 10 and 3 . 54 t/ha, respectively. Further, with green manure or 10 t FYM/ha in combination with 50 % recommended amount, the mean rice yield (5 . 8 t/ha) was similar to the yield (5 . 5 t/ha) obtained from the 100 % NPK recommended treatment. Application of green manure or 10 t FYM/ha thus saved 60 kg N and 13 kg P/ha inorganic fertilizer in rice. The residual effect of green manure or FYM plus the full recommended fertilizer amount (120 kg N, 26 kg P and 42 kg K/ha) was significantly greater than that of the full recommended amount of fertilizer. Addition of green manure or FYM resulted in higher removal in crops, increase of soil N, P, K and organic C, and reduced soil pH. Application of the full recommended amount of fertilizer only maintained the N, P and K status in soil. Higher profit was obtained when inorganic fertilizer was combined with organic manures.

Effects of organic and inorganic manures on maize and their residual impact on soil physico-chemical properties

“…Further, these results are also in concurrence with Negassa et al (2001) who found that corn yield was increased by 35% when combined (inorganic and organic) nutrients were applied. reported by Yaduvanshi (2003) that a reduction of soil pH occurs when green manure or farmyard manure was used in alkaline soils. Low pH value for FYM is very valuable for calcareous soils (Karami et al, 2012).…”

An in vitro nutritive evaluation and rumen fermentation kinetics of Sesbania aculeate as affected by harvest time and cutting regimen

“…S. aculeate belongs to the Fabaceae, is native to Pakistan and India and is commonly grown for the reclamation of salt-affected soils. It can be used as a green manure (Yaduvanshi 2003;Kurdali 2004), to improve soil characteristics (Mandal et al 2003). Although a lot of information is available about the nutritive value of Sesbania sesban (Hossain et al 2001;Goel et al 2008) and its effect on the reproductive performance of farm animals (Mekoya 2008), little is know about S. aculeate grown on salty soil and irrigated by saline water, thus making it difficult to assess its potential contribution to sustain animal production.…”

Organic Carbon Fraction and Vertical Distribution of Carbon under Integrated Nutrient Management System in Soybean-Chickpea Cropping Sequence in Vidarbha Region of Maharashtra, India

“…cropping system (Yaduwanshi, 2003). However, the combined application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers has been shown to improve SOC in comparison to addition of inorganic fertilizer alone (Mandal et al, 2003).…”