Substrate Specificities of Several Prenyl Chain Elongating Enzymes with Respect to 4-Methyl-4-pentenyl Diphosphate

Characterisation of Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase from the Sandfly Lutzomyia Longipalpis

“…Substrate promiscuity in IDS enzymes has been long established, particularly in FPPSs, which can accept a range of artificial isoprenoids at both allylic and non-allylic binding sites (see Couillaud et al, 2022 for a recent review). Experimental evidence from the microorganism Sulfolobus acidocaldarius GGPPS has found it to be similarly open to atypical substrates, including HIPP (Ohnuma et al, 1998;Nagaki et al, 2004). Lepidoptera have evolved FPPS enzymes that selectively extend homo (ethyl-branched)-DMAPP for juvenile hormone synthesis, which can also act as a non-optimal substrate for spruce budworm GGPPS (Sen et al, 2007;Barbar et al, 2013).…”

Substrate Specificities of Wild and Mutated Farnesyl Diphosphate Synthases fromBacillus Stearothermophiluswith Artificial Substrates

“…The HPLC conditions, using a Hitachi type L-6000, equipped with Hitachi L-7420 (LaChrom) type UV-VIS detector with a ChromatoDAQ II (ULVAC) and with a LichroCART (Merck) column with the eluent of solvent mixture of hexane:2-propanol (20:1 (A) and 80:1(v/v) (B)), were similar to those previously reported. 23,28) Identification of the reaction products was carried out using GC-MS, a JMS-AM II 50 type GCG Mass spectrometer connected with an HP 5890 series II Gas chromatograph equipped with Ultra-alloy-1 (S). The column temperature was programmed from 90…”

“…29) The hydroxyl function of geraniol (GOH) was protected by treatment with dihydropyrane in the presence of a small amount of pyridinium-toluene sulfonate as tetrahydropyranyl (THP) ether. The ether was oxidized 86 81 23,28) Purification of mutated FPP synthases. We purified mutated FPP synthases (Y81D and Y81S) from Escherichia coli DH5 cells harboring the plasmids that carry corresponding mutated FPP synthases, 27) which were kindly provided by Dr. Hemmi and Dr. Nakayama.…”

“…23) The genes encoding the FPP synthase of Bacillus y To whom correspondence should be addressed. Fax: +81-172-29-2947; E-mail: nagaki@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp Abbreviations: DMAPP, dimethylallyl diphosphate; IPP, isopentenyl diphosphate; GPP, geranyl diphosphate; FPP, farnesyl diphosphate; FPS, farnesyl diphosphate synthase stearothermophilus have been cloned and sequenced.…”

Extension of the Terpene Chemical Space: the Very First Biosynthetic Steps

“…The best results, in term of final yield, were recorded when using GGPPS with some of the DMAPP/GPP equivalents described in the section FPPS and especially with 3-methyl-2-alkenyl and 3-methyl-2-iso-alkenyl diphosphate of various length. The interested reader is referred to the following articles regarding GGPPS [58,[76][77][78][79] as well as other aliphatic prenyl transferases [58,[80][81][82][83][84][85][86] for more information on tested substrates, formed products and yields.…”