Substrate specificity of polyphenol oxidase and its selectivity towards polyphenols: Unlocking the browning mechanism of fresh lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)

Li, Jingfang; Deng, Zeyuan; Dong, Hanwu; Tsao, Rong; Liu, Xiaoru

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136392

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The substrates used for PPO include catechol, 4-methyl catechol, catechins, pyrogallol, and gallic acid [6,7]. Among them, catechol is the most widely used substrate.…”

Section: Substrate Specificity Of Ppomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the different numbers of phenolic hydroxyl groups in the catalytic substrate, PPO can be divided into three categories [4,5]: monophenol oxidase (tyrosinase, EC 1.14.18.1), bisphenol oxidase (catechol oxidase, EC 1.10.3.1), and laccase (EC 1.10.3.2). PPO in plants mainly occurs in the form of catechol oxidase, which can catalyze the generation of its corresponding quinones from polyphenols under aerobic conditions [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances Regarding Polyphenol Oxidase in Camellia sinensis: Extraction, Purification, Characterization, and Application

Zou,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Foods

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Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) is an important metalloenzyme in the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). However, there has recently been a lack of comprehensive reviews on Camellia sinensis PPO. In this study, the methods for extracting PPO from Camellia sinensis, including acetone extraction, buffer extraction, and surfactant extraction, are compared in detail. The main purification methods for Camellia sinensis PPO, such as ammonium sulfate precipitation, three-phase partitioning, dialysis, ultrafiltration, ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration chromatography, and affinity chromatography, are summarized. PPOs from different sources of tea plants are characterized and systematically compared in terms of optimal pH, optimal temperature, molecular weight, substrate specificity, and activators and inhibitors. In addition, the applications of PPO in tea processing and the in vitro synthesis of theaflavins are outlined. In this review, detailed research regarding the extraction, purification, properties, and application of Camellia sinensis PPO is summarized to provide a reference for further research on PPO.

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“…The substrates used for PPO include catechol, 4-methyl catechol, catechins, pyrogallol, and gallic acid [6,7]. Among them, catechol is the most widely used substrate.…”

Section: Substrate Specificity Of Ppomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances Regarding Polyphenol Oxidase in Camellia sinensis: Extraction, Purification, Characterization, and Application

Zou,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, Lara et al (2020) adopted xanthan gum and chitosan to prepare layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition of edible coating for fresh-cut lotus rhizome preservation and found that the coating had excellent antioxidant and water vapor loss barrier properties and could delay the enzymatic browning of lotus rhizome. Moreover, Li et al (2023) explained the mechanism of fresh-cut lotus rhizome browning through the interaction of lotus rhizomes polyphenol oxidase with specific substrates (+)-catechin and (−)-gallocatechin. Furthermore, the researchers resorted to preservatives such as melatonin to keep the lotus rhizome fresh and found that melatonin could effectively delay the browning process during the storage of fresh-cut lotus rhizome (Zhang et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the formation mechanism of blackening in damaged lotus rhizome epidermis: Effects of polyphenols and iron

Chen,

Huang,

Yan

et al. 2024

Journal of Food Science

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Lotus rhizome is an important aquatic vegetable, but the blackening of lotus rhizome epidermis (LRE) seriously affects its appearance and quality, which makes lotus rhizome products unmarketable. In this study, the effects of polyphenols and iron on the LRE color were studied to explore the possible mechanism of LRE blackening. Results indicated that the measurable total phenols contents in the mud treatment (MT) group were significantly reduced, and the total iron contents were significantly increased compared with the bruised treatment group (p < 0.05). The high‐performance liquid chromatography results showed that the main polyphenols in LRE were dopa, gallocatechin, and catechin, as well as a small amount of catechol, epicatechin, proanthocyanidin B2, and proanthocyanidin C1. Moreover, the results of color difference and ultraviolet adsorption spectroscopy showed that there were obviously black or brown‐gray of dopa (525 nm), gallocatechin (504.5 nm), and catechin (550 and 504.5 nm) with FeCl2. The simulated system treatment of LRE further confirmed that the chromaticity effect of dopa and iron in bruised LRE was similar to that of the MT group, whereas 1% (w/w) ascorbic acid, 2% (w/w) EDTA‐2Na, or 3% (w/w) citric acid could solely prohibit the blackening. This suggested that the dopa in LRE and FeCl2 in mud may mainly combine into [2(DOPA‐2H+)+Fe3+]− through non‐covalent interaction, which leads to the blackening of bruised LRE under neutral conditions. These results can guide the storage of lotus rhizomes and improve the development of the lotus rhizome industry.

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Overview on tyrosinases: Genetics, molecular biology, phylogenetic relationship

Capasso,

Supuran

2024

The Enzymes

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Substrate specificity of polyphenol oxidase and its selectivity towards polyphenols: Unlocking the browning mechanism of fresh lotus root (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.)

Cited by 17 publications

References 36 publications

Recent Advances Regarding Polyphenol Oxidase in Camellia sinensis: Extraction, Purification, Characterization, and Application

Recent Advances Regarding Polyphenol Oxidase in Camellia sinensis: Extraction, Purification, Characterization, and Application

Study on the formation mechanism of blackening in damaged lotus rhizome epidermis: Effects of polyphenols and iron

Overview on tyrosinases: Genetics, molecular biology, phylogenetic relationship

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