Subsurface dinoflagellate populations, frontal blooms and the formation of red tide in the southern Benguela upwelling system

Pitcher, Grant C.; Boyd, A. J.; Horstman, D. A.; Mitchell-Innes, B. A.

doi:10.3354/meps172253

Cited by 92 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These localized autumn events appeared as visible and spatially delimited patches of red water. Red-water blooms of similarly high concentrations observed in this study (up to 70 µg l -1 ) have also been described to occur most frequently during autumn in the Southern Benguela (Horstman 1981, Pitcher & Boyd 1996, Pitcher et al 1998, Mitchell-Innes et al 2000. Because dinoflagellates grow well at low irradiances (Richardson et al 1983) and are highly motile (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Similarly, relaxation of upwelling winds often causes landward advection of plankton in the California Current System (Small & Menzies 1981, Roughgarden et al 1991, Shanks 1995. Moreover, Pitcher et al (1998) observed dinoflagellate-dominated, frontal blooms during the onshore movement of warmer, maturing-upwelled water following upwelling (i.e. during relaxation).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Because dinoflagellates grow well at low irradiances (Richardson et al 1983) and are highly motile (e.g. Kamykowski & Yamazaki 1997, Pitcher et al 1998, allowing them to position themselves within the water column, they are often considered to be competitively superior in exploiting both nutrient enrichment and the stratified conditions that typically occur in late summer and autumn along central Chile (Smayda 2000, D. Narváez, S. A. Navarrete & J. C. Castilla unpubl. data).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Alongshore and temporal variability in chlorophyll a concentration in Chilean nearshore waters

Wieters¹,

Kaplan²,

Navarrete³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phytoplankton and particulate organic matter constitute the primary food source for adult filter-feeders, as well as for larval stages of many benthic and pelagic organisms. The structure and dynamics of nearshore benthic communities may be associated with variation in nearshore primary production. However, we know little about the scales of variability in phytoplankton in nearshore waters along open coasts, or about their causes. To characterize spatial and temporal patterns of chl a concentration, we conducted 2.5 yr of daily, shore-based monitoring at 3 sites separated by 10s of km within an upwelling region in central Chile. We found that: (1) peaks in chl a concentration were typically short-lived, persisting no longer than 4 d, (2) blooms occurred in spring to early summer months at all sites, but also during autumn months at 1 site (Las Cruces), and (3) the intensity and frequency of blooms were consistently different among sites; highest concentrations were at Las Cruces, lower at El Quisco, and the lowest at Quintay. Analyses of wind data and surface temperature, and inspection of Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite images, suggested that among-site differences were due, at least in part, to alongshore variation in upwelling intensity and the formation of warm-water pockets or upwelling shadows in sections of the coast, such as Las Cruces. In contrast to the spatial pattern described offshore and over larger spatial scales, chl a concentrations were significantly lower at the coldest site, Quintay, located at the core of an upwelling center (Pta. Curaumilla), than at the warmer site of Las Cruces, which lies downstream from upwelling. Day-to-day variation in chl a levels during spring at Las Cruces seems related to the alongshore intrusion of waters upwelled upstream. Overall, the pattern observed at our 3 sites, together with previous studies at other upwelling systems, suggests that sections of the coast around 15 to 20 km downstream (equatorward) from upwelling centers could exhibit consistently higher phytoplankton concentrations than sites located in front of upwelling centers, generating a source-sink type of geographic pattern of nearshore nutrients and phytoplankton along the coast.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Alongshore and temporal variability in chlorophyll a concentration in Chilean nearshore waters

Wieters¹,

Kaplan²,

Navarrete³

et al. 2003

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Se han señalado las interacciones como la combinación de vientos, surgencias, frentes de densidad, concentraciones de nutrientes o alteraciones antropogénicas (Alonso & Ochoa 2004, Buschmann 2005, Pitcher et al 1998, Ryan et al 2009, Kudela et al 2005. La intensidad y distribución geográfica de las floraciones algales causadas por dinoflagelados y diatomeas han aumentado en las últimas décadas, asociadas a cambios climáticos locales o globales (Wells et al 2015, Klais et al 2011, Hinder et al 2012, Edwards et al 2006, Reguera 2002, Hallegraeff 1993; así como también el incremento de los reportes de casos de intoxicación humana y graves pérdidas económicas en la industria pesquera (Brooks et al 2016, Sanseverino et al 2016, Berdalet et al 2015, Ferrante et al 2013, Anderson et al 2002, Anderson et al 2000.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Asociación de floraciones de algas nocivas y Vibrio spp. en áreas de pesca y acuicultura de bivalvos de moluscos en las bahías de Sechura y Pisco, Perú

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Entre febrero de 2010 y mayo de 2014 se realizaron 22 evaluaciones en Pisco y 16 en Sechura; ambas áreas importantes en Perú para la extracción de moluscos y maricultura. La incidencia de Vibrio en el agua de mar fue monitoreada durante las floraciones de algas y en épocas normales. Se midieron parámetros ambientales tales como temperatura y nutrientes. En Sechura, Pseudo-nitzschia seriata y Protoperidinium depressum causaron floraciones de algas y fueron dominantes durante todo el período de evaluación. Las temperaturas en esta zona oscilaron entre 21.8 y 25.3 °C. En Pisco, la concentración Akashiwo sanguinea, Messodinium rubrum y Prorocentrum mínimum y el dinoflagelado Cochlodinium polikrykoides fueron los más frecuentes. Las floraciones de algas nocivas ocurrieron cuando las temperaturas estaban entre 17.1 y 23.3 °C, concentraciones de fosfatos que oscilaban entre 1.22 - 6.85 μM y nitratos 0.15 - 7.85 μM. En mayo de 2012, el dinoflagelado Alexandrium peruvianum causó una floración algal, bajo temperaturas de 18.0 a 23.2 °C, valores de fosfato de 0.73 a 11.56 μM y nitratos de 0.76 a 9.81 μM. Los coliformes fueron bajos < 2 – 23 MPN/100 mL, en ambas bahías durante todo el período de estudio. Vibrio alginolyticus fue la especie dominante. Mientras que V. vulnificus y V. parahaemolyticus se detectaron en Pisco, donde las temperaturas del mar comúnmente son mayores y los casos de infecciones graves por ingestión de mariscos se han asociado con el patógeno V. parahaemolyticus.

show abstract

“…The need to mitigate the deleterious effects of HABs has prompted a large amount of research in several coastal areas (e.g. Figueiras et al 1994, Tester & Steidinger 1997, Pitcher et al 1998, Anderson et al 2005a, from which we have learned much about the dynamics of these blooms. Still, the initiation phase remains one of the least understood aspects of HAB dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplankton composition off NW Iberia at the end of the upwelling season: source areas of harmful dinoflagellate blooms

Crespo¹,

Teixeira

Figueiras³

et al. 2008

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Rías Baixas of Galicia are 4 bays on the NW Iberia Peninsula that experience harmful dinoflagellate blooms toward the end of the upwelling season, in late summer to early autumn. In order to identify the source areas of initial bloom populations, we studied the hydrographic regime and the microplankton composition in the NW Iberian margin at the end of summer 1991. Three distinctive oceanographic features were recognised as possible sources of initial populations: (1) the onset of a northward stream, the Iberian Poleward Current (IPC), which can transport seed populations to the region; (2) a subsurface chlorophyll maximum (SCM); and (3) weak upwelling at the coast, which can promote the growth of dinoflagellates. While the SCM held populations of the small dinoflagellates Heterocapsa niei and Prorocentrum minimum, larger dinoflagellates Prorocentrum micans, Dinophysis acuminata, Gymnodinium catenatum and the raphidophycean Heterosigma akashiwo, which habitually form blooms in the Rías Baixas, were only found in upwelled coastal waters, mostly off the Rías. These species occurred with a microplankton assemblage composed of other large dinoflagellates and diatoms, which is characteristic of the final summer upwelling events in the Rías. It is hypothesised that the Rías Baixas can be both the source and the target of harmful dinoflagellate blooms. Summer upwelling, through cyst resuspension and subsequent germination in the nearby stratified waters, would provide the initial populations. Downwelling, which promotes the accumulation of dinoflagellates in the interior of the Rías, would ensure blooms and hence replenish the sediments with new cysts.

show abstract

Subsurface dinoflagellate populations, frontal blooms and the formation of red tide in the southern Benguela upwelling system

Cited by 92 publications

References 9 publications

Alongshore and temporal variability in chlorophyll a concentration in Chilean nearshore waters

Alongshore and temporal variability in chlorophyll a concentration in Chilean nearshore waters

Asociación de floraciones de algas nocivas y Vibrio spp. en áreas de pesca y acuicultura de bivalvos de moluscos en las bahías de Sechura y Pisco, Perú

Microplankton composition off NW Iberia at the end of the upwelling season: source areas of harmful dinoflagellate blooms

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About