Subsurface nanoindentation deformation of Cu–Al multilayers mapped in 3D by focused ion beam microscopy

Inkson, Beverley J.; Steer, T.; Möbus, Günter; Wagner, T.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2818.2001.00767.x

Cited by 78 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Among them, the focused ion beam (FIB) technique has shown to be an adequate technique to evaluate the microstructure and to characterize damage on materials [32][33][34][35]. Fruitful examples of its implementation in cemented carbides have been recently reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FIB/FESEM experimental and analytical assessment of R-curve behavior of WC–Co cemented carbides

Tarragó

Jiménez‐Piqué

Schneider

et al. 2015

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Exceptional fracture toughness levels exhibited by WC-Co cemented carbides (hardmetals) are due mainly to toughening derived from plastic stretching of crack-bridging ductile enclaves. This takes place due to the development of a multiligament zone at the wake of cracks growing in a stable manner. As a result, hardmetals exhibit crack growth resistance (R-curve) behavior.In this work, the toughening mechanics and mechanisms of these materials are investigated by combining experimental and analytical approaches. Focused Ion Beam technique (FIB) and Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) are implemented to obtain serial sectioning and imaging of crack-microstructure interaction in cracks arrested after stable extension under monotonic loading. The micrographs obtained provide experimental proof of the developing multiligament zone, including failure micromechanisms within individual bridging ligaments. Analytical assessment of the multiligament zone is then conducted on the basis of experimental information attained from FIB/FESEM images, and a model for the description of R-curve behavior of hardmetals is proposed. It was found that, due to the large stresses supported by the highly constrained and strongly bonded bridging ligaments, WC-Co cemented carbides exhibit quite steep but short R-curve behavior. Relevant strength and reliability attributes exhibited by hardmetals may then be rationalized on the basis of such toughening scenario.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FIB/FESEM experimental and analytical assessment of R-curve behavior of WC–Co cemented carbides

Tarragó

Jiménez‐Piqué

Schneider

et al. 2015

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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“…[20][21][22][23] In recent years, the use of focused ion beam (FIB) has enabled more accurate scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging, [24][25][26] as well as crystal orientation mapping using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) 27,28 and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). 29,30 Scanning X-ray microdiffraction (µSXRD) using a focused polychromatic/white synchrotron X-ray beam can be used to determine the lattice rotation which is directly related to the local lattice curvature, 31 strain gradients, and the GND density.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indentation size effects in single crystal copper as revealed by synchrotron x-ray microdiffraction

Feng

Budiman

Nix

et al. 2008

Journal of Applied Physics

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The indentation size effect (ISE) has been observed in numerous nanoindentation studies on crystalline materials; it is found that the hardness increases dramatically with decreasing indentation size -a "smaller is stronger" phenomenon. Some have attributed the ISE to the existence of strain gradients and the geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs). Since the GND density is directly related to the local lattice curvature, the Scanning X-ray Microdiffraction (µSXRD) technique, which can quantitatively measure relative lattice rotations through the streaking of Laue diffractions, can used to study the a) Present address: Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912; electronic mail: gang_feng@brown.edu 2 strain gradients. The synchrotron µSXRD technique we use -which was developed at the Advanced Light Source (ALS), Berkeley Lab -allows for probing the local plastic behavior of crystals with sub-micrometer resolution. Using this technique, we studied the local plasticity for indentations of different depths in a Cu single crystal. Broadening of Laue diffractions (streaking) was observed, showing local crystal lattice rotation due to the indentation-induced plastic deformation. A quantitative analysis of the streaking allows us to estimate the average GND density in the indentation plastic zones. The size dependence of the hardness, as found by nanoindentation, will be described, and its correlation to the observed lattice rotations will be discussed.3

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“…Thin film single crystals have previously been observed to form new grains after ex-situ nanoindentation [13]. The grains formed here during the in-situ compression of the nanopillars also appear to have undergone grain rotation as the deformation progressed.…”

Section: Deformation Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 72%

In-situ TEM deformation of aluminium nanopillars

Milne¹,

Lockwood²,

Inkson³

2010

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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In-situ TEM deformation of aluminium nanopillars Abstract. We demonstrate here that compressive and cyclic loads can be applied to individual nanostructures enabling the observation of nanoscale deformation and fatigue. We demonstrate the capability of the new NanoLAB cyclic nanotesting instrument with nanoscale mechanical testing of individual Al nanopillars with diameters of less than 350nm. The thin Al nanopillars are seen to deform via a buckling mode where single crystal Al is turned into polycrystalline Al. IntroductionFollowing the recent trend of shrinking dimension sizes for mechanical devices such as MEMS/NEMS (micro/nano-electromechanical systems), it has been clearly shown that mechanical properties of nanostructures and nanostructured materials vary considerably from their bulk counterparts. These size-scale effects have shown that as the dimensions of an object decrease to the micron-scale and below, they have increased flow stresses and increased strength [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. It is thought that both the severely limited volume and the increased surface area to volume ratio have a significant effect on the dislocation generation and propagation mechanisms which can operate.One of the major problems in testing individual nano-objects' mechanical properties is that nanoresolution positioning is essential, linked with a method of observing and measuring their response insitu during a test. Novel scanning probe instruments have been developed which allow a range of mechanical testing methods to be implemented in-situ in both SEM and TEM [8,9]. Our NanoLAB instrument is based on a generic piezoelectric positioner which can be adapted with the addition of various nanotools [10]. In this work, a series of nanoscale Al pillars have been repeatedly indented in real-time in-situ in a TEM, with the aim to increase our knowledge of deformation mechanisms in aluminium single crystal nanopillars. The repeated indentation of these pillars allows a large amount of deformation to be applied to the nanopillars whilst allowing the microstructure to rearrange itself during and between indentations in order to relieve stress.

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Subsurface nanoindentation deformation of Cu–Al multilayers mapped in 3D by focused ion beam microscopy

Cited by 78 publications

References 19 publications

FIB/FESEM experimental and analytical assessment of R-curve behavior of WC–Co cemented carbides

FIB/FESEM experimental and analytical assessment of R-curve behavior of WC–Co cemented carbides

Indentation size effects in single crystal copper as revealed by synchrotron x-ray microdiffraction

In-situ TEM deformation of aluminium nanopillars

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