Subsurface stormflow is important in semiarid karst shrublands

Wilcox, Bradford P.; Taucer, Phillip I.; Munster, C. L.; Owens, M. K.; Mohanty, Binayak P.; Sorenson, Joshua Russell; Bazan, Roberto

doi:10.1029/2008gl033696

Cited by 69 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Much of the Great Plains are covered by Mollisols (especially the humid region), which are dark, soft, grassland soils; they are fertile soils but somewhat poorly to very poorly drained (Hall and Crovetti, 2007). Previous research showed that land cover types with shallow-rooted plants such as grasses usually have less infiltration capacity than deeply rooted forests or woodlands (Bruijnzeel, 2004;Wilcox et al, 2008a;Wine and Zou, 2012). The western mountain has the highest baseflow yield compared to other parts of the basin.…”

Section: Mean Variability and Spatial Distribution Of Baseflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual baseflow variations as influenced by climate variability and agricultural land use change in the Missouri River Basin

Ahiablame

Sheshukov

Rahmani

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology

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a b s t r a c tThe Missouri River system has a large water storage capacity, where baseflow plays an important role. Understanding historical baseflow characteristics with respect to climate and land use impacts is essential for effective planning and management of water resources in the Missouri River Basin (MORB). This study evaluated statistical trends in baseflow and precipitation for 99 MORB minimally disturbed watersheds during 1950-2014. Elasticity of baseflow to climate variability and agricultural land use change were quantified for the 99 studied watersheds. Baseflow was derived from daily streamflow records with a recursive digital filter method. The results showed that baseflow varied between 38 and 80% (0 and 331 mm/year) of total streamflow with an average of 60%, indicating that more than half of streamflow in the MORB is derived from baseflow. The trend analysis revealed that precipitation increased during the study period in 78 out of 99 watersheds, leading to 1-3.9% noticeable increase in baseflow for 68 of 99 watersheds. Although the changes in baseflow obtained in this study were a result of the combined effects of climate and land use change across the basin, upward trends in baseflow generally coincide with increased precipitation and agricultural land use trends in the basin. Agricultural land use increase mostly led to a 0-5.7% decrease in annual baseflow in the basin, except toward east of the basin where baseflow mostly increased with agricultural land use increase (0.1-2.0%). In general, a 1% increase in precipitation and a 1% increase in agricultural land use resulted in 1.5% increase and 0.2% decrease in baseflow, respectively, during the study period. These results are entirely dependent on the quality of data used; however, they provide useful insight into the relative influence of climate and land use change on baseflow conditions in the Great Plains region of the USA.

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Section: Mean Variability and Spatial Distribution Of Baseflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual baseflow variations as influenced by climate variability and agricultural land use change in the Missouri River Basin

Ahiablame

Sheshukov

Rahmani

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology

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“…During the past quarter century, considerable research has been focused on understanding the ecohydrological implications of this conversion (Huxman et al 2005;Wilcox et al 2006). It has generally been found (though not always-see Moran et al (2010)) that infiltration rates are higher beneath shrub canopies than in intercanopy areas (Lyford and Qashu 1969;Seyfried 1991;Bergkamp 1998b;Schlesinger et al 1999;Wilcox 2002;D'Odorico et al 2007;Wilcox et al 2008;Pierson et al 2010;Daryanto et al 2013;Eldridge et al 2013), primarily owing to the accumulation of organic matter under shrubs, root activity (Joffre and Rambal 1993;Martinez-Meza and Whitford 1996;Jackson et al 2000), and soil disturbance by fauna (see "Influence of Fauna" section). In some situations the chemical composition of the litter may cause water repellency (hydrophobicity), which reduces the infiltration capacity of soils beneath the canopy, at least in the short term (Doerr et al 2000).…”

Section: Infiltration: Water Regulation At the Soil Surfacementioning

confidence: 99%

Ecohydrology: Processes and Implications for Rangelands

Wilcox

Maitre²,

Jobbágy

et al. 2017

Rangeland Systems

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This chapter is organized around the concept of ecohydrological processes that are explicitly tied to ecosystem services. Ecosystem services are benefits that people receive from ecosystems. We focus on (1) the regulating services of water distribution, water purification, and climate regulation; (2) the supporting services of water and nutrient cycling and soil protection and restoration; and (3) the provisioning services of water supply and biomass production. Regulating services are determined at the first critical juncture of the water cycle-on the soil surface, where water either infiltrates or becomes overland flow. Soil infiltrability is influenced by vegetation, grazing intensity, brush management, fire patterns, condition of biological soil crusts, and activity by fauna. At larger scales, water-regulating services are influenced by other factors, such as the nature and structure of riparian zones and the presence of shallow groundwater aquifers. Provisioning services are those goods or products that are directly produced from ecosystems, such as water, food, and fiber. Work over the last several decades has largely overturned the notion

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“…The findings of this study complement those of other recent work examining the ecohydrology of karst shrublands in Central Texas. These include large-scale rainfall simulation experiments (Wilcox et al, 2008), tracer studies (Taucer et al, 2005;Dasgupta et al, 2006), and small-catchment experiments , as well as studies focusing on soil-landform relationships (Wilcox et al, 2007), interception , rooting depth (Jackson et al, 1999), and seasonal water use (McCole and Stern, 2007). In addition, the findings of this study provide particular insights into (1) the importance of canopy interception during runoff-producing events; (2) the nature and relative magnitude of rapid recharge; and (3) the interplay between recharge and surface runoff.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At both locations, the wetted areas were smaller than at Bunny Hole, and it was possible to monitor shallow subsurface flow by collecting it in trenches on the downslope side. This monitoring showed that it made up a very large percentage (50-80%) of the water budget (Wilcox et al, 2008)-which suggests that shallow subsurface flow could be important at Bunny Hole as well.…”

Section: Challenges and Uncertaintiesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Typically, the application area for simulated rainfall is limited to about 1 m 2 or less (Thurow et al, 1988;Wilcox et al, 2007), although larger-scale experiments have been conducted (Simanton et al, 1991). There have been only a few rainfall simulation experiments at the hillslope scale in which water has been applied above the shrub canopy (Wilcox et al, 2008). This paper reports on the results of a set of hillslopescale rainfall-simulation experiments conducted on a karst shrubland over a shallow cave that was instrumented for monitoring of drip rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Large‐scale rainfall simulation over shallow caves on karst shrublands

Gregory

Wilcox

Shade³

et al. 2009

Ecohydrology

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Within semi-arid landscapes, karst areas are among the most productive in terms of water supply-largely because of the high rates of groundwater recharge compared with those of other semi-arid areas. Recharge rates in karst regions may be affected by the type of vegetation cover. Understanding the interactions between recharge and vegetation is important at many levels, but the complex nature of karst hydrology makes this endeavour challenging. This paper presents the results of a set of hillslope-scale rainfall simulation experiments conducted within a juniper-oak woodland and over a shallow karst cave that was instrumented for drip-rate monitoring. The variables measured during these experiments include the amounts and timing of cave recharge, surface runoff, stemflow, and throughfall. The findings of this study provide insights into the importance of canopy interception during runoff-producing events, the nature and relative magnitude of rapid recharge, and the interplay between recharge and surface runoff. Key findings of the study were (1) for simulated rainstorms of around 50 mm, between 0 and 23% of the water applied was intercepted (depending on cloud conditions), and 4-9% of the water reaching the ground surface came from stemflow (which was highest under the wettest conditions); (2) surface runoff accounted for approximately 3% of the water applied; and (3) recharge accounted for between 8 and 17% of the water applied and typically reached its maximum level within 20 min of rainfall cessation, declining rapidly thereafter.

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Subsurface stormflow is important in semiarid karst shrublands

Cited by 69 publications

References 22 publications

Annual baseflow variations as influenced by climate variability and agricultural land use change in the Missouri River Basin

Annual baseflow variations as influenced by climate variability and agricultural land use change in the Missouri River Basin

Ecohydrology: Processes and Implications for Rangelands

Large‐scale rainfall simulation over shallow caves on karst shrublands

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