Subtle Disruption of the Middle Cerebellar Peduncles in Patients with Schizophrenia

Okugawa, Gaku; Nobuhara, Kenji; Minami, Toyohiko; Tamagaki, Chiharu; Takase, Katsunori; Sugimoto, Tatsuya; Sawada, Satoshi; Kinoshita, Toshihiko

doi:10.1159/000079101

Cited by 79 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A handful of DTI studies have recruited such patients (Price et al 2007a, b ;Cheung et al 2008 ;Friedman et al 2008 ;Peters et al 2008) and while there have been negative findings (Friedman et al 2008 ;Peters et al 2008), others noted deep frontotemporal white matter connections (Kyriakopoulos et al 2008), especially the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (Ellison-Wright & Bullmore, 2009), uncinate fasciculus (Price et al 2007b) as well as callosum (Price et al 2007a ;Kyriakopoulos & Frangou, 2009) and cerebellar tracts (Kyriakopoulos & Frangou, 2009). These findings appear weaker than those described above in chronic populations, in which dose-dependent FA increase may have contributed (Okugawa et al 2004 ;Shergill et al 2007). The tendency to step up medication afflicts chronically relapsing samples and this in turn can confound the interpretation of results (Kanaan et al 2005 ;Kyriakopoulos et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Positive symptoms and white matter microstructure in never-medicated first episode schizophrenia

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. We investigated cerebral structural connectivity and its relationship to symptoms in never-medicated individuals with first-onset schizophrenia using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).Method. We recruited subjects with first episode DSM-IV schizophrenia who had never been exposed to antipsychotic medication (n=34) and age-matched healthy volunteers (n=32). All subjects received DTI and structural magnetic resonance imaging scans. Patients' symptoms were assessed on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Voxel-based analysis was performed to investigate brain regions where fractional anisotropy (FA) values significantly correlated with symptom scores.Results. In patients with first-episode schizophrenia, positive symptoms correlated positively with FA scores in white matter associated with the right frontal lobe, left anterior cingulate gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, right middle temporal gyrus, right middle cingulate gyrus, and left cuneus. Importantly, FA in each of these regions was lower in patients than controls, but patients with more positive symptoms had FA values closer to controls. We found no significant correlations between FA and negative symptoms.Conclusions. The newly-diagnosed, neuroleptic-naive patients had lower FA scores in the brain compared with controls. There was positive correlation between FA scores and positive symptoms scores in frontotemporal tracts, including left fronto-occipital fasciculus and left inferior longitudinal fasciculus. This implies that white matter dysintegrity is already present in the pre-treatment phase and that FA is likely to decrease after clinical treatment or symptom remission.

show abstract

Section: Introductioncontrasting

confidence: 77%

Positive symptoms and white matter microstructure in never-medicated first episode schizophrenia

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, internal capsule diffusion abnormalities have been detected in one VBM study (Buchsbaum et al, 1998), but not in a small ROI study nor in two other VBM studies (Agartz et al, 2001;Foong et al, 2002). Further, two studies have investigated differences in the cerebellar peduncles in schizophrenia compared to controls Okugawa et al, 2004), and one did not show differences, while the other demonstrated decrease of the FA in the middle cerebellar peduncles in schizophrenia subjects. In addition, two studies have reported widespread diffusion abnormalities in all tested regions (parietal, temporal, prefrontal and occipital white matter) when a fixed, large ROI method was used (Lim et al, 1999;Minami et al, 2003; see also Table 1).…”

Section: Dti Schizophrenia Findingsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Furthermore, medication was shown, to be related to left frontal white matter anisotropy (Minami et al, 2003), and in another study, to middle cerebellar peduncle (Okugawa et al, 2004). These two factors suggest that in subsequent studies there is a need to study more carefully the effects of medication, as well as to include first episode patients, who are either medication naïve or who have limited psychotropic exposure.…”

Section: Dti Schizophrenia Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in schizophrenia

Kubicki

McCarley

Westin

et al. 2007

Journal of Psychiatric Research

691

532

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Both post-mortem and neuroimaging studies have contributed significantly to what we know about the brain and schizophrenia. MRI studies of volumetric reduction in several brain regions in schizophrenia have confirmed early speculations that the brain is disordered in schizophrenia. There is also a growing body of evidence suggesting that a disturbance in connectivity between different brain regions, rather than abnormalities within the separate regions themselves, are responsible for the clinical symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions observed in this disorder. Thus an interest in white matter fiber tracts, subserving anatomical connections between distant, as well as proximal, brain regions, is emerging. This interest coincides with the recent advent of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which makes it possible to evaluate the organization and coherence of white matter fiber tracts. This is an important advance as conventional MRI techniques are insensitive to fiber tract direction and organization, and have not consistently demonstrated white matter abnormalities. DTI may, therefore, provide important new information about neural circuitry, and it is increasingly being used in neuroimaging studies of psychopathological disorders. Of note, in the past five years 18 DTI studies in schizophrenia have been published, most describing white matter abnormalities. Questions still remain, however, regarding what we are measuring that is abnormal in this disease, and how measures obtained using one method correspond to those obtained using other methods? Below we review the basic principles involved in MR-DTI, followed by a review of the different methods used to evaluate diffusion. Finally, we review MR-DTI findings in schizophrenia.

show abstract

“…Moreover, differences in the cerebellar peduncles in schizophrenia compared to controls have been demonstrated with a decrease of the FA in schizophrenia subjects. 114,156 Two studies have reported widespread diffusion abnormalities in parietal, temporal, prefrontal and occipital white matter. 116,157 The above findings from several imaging studies provide evidence that the major cognitive disturbances in schizophrenic patients possibly result from deficits of myelination in relevant neuronal structures (for example, corpus callosum) and the resulting disturbances of signal transduction within these structures.…”

Section: Further Evidence For the Role Of Oligodendrocytes And Myelinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The myelin-pathogenesis puzzle in schizophrenia: a literature review

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schizophrenia is a serious and disabling mental disorder with symptoms such as auditory hallucinations, disordered thinking and delusions, avolition, anhedonia, blunted affect and apathy. In this review article we seek to present the current scientific findings from linkage studies and susceptible genes and the pathophysiology of white matter in schizophrenia. The article has been reviewed in two parts. The first part deals with the linkage studies and susceptible genes in schizophrenia in order to have a clear-cut picture of the involvement of chromosomes and their genes in schizophrenia. The genetic linkage results seem to be replicated in some cases but in others are not. From these results, we cannot draw a fine map to a single locus or gene, leading to the conclusion that schizophrenia is not caused by a single factor/gene. In the second part of the article we present the oligodendrocyte-related genes that are associated with schizophrenia, as we hypothesize a potential role of oligodendrocyte-related genes in the pathology of the disorder.

show abstract

Subtle Disruption of the Middle Cerebellar Peduncles in Patients with Schizophrenia

Cited by 79 publications

References 19 publications

Positive symptoms and white matter microstructure in never-medicated first episode schizophrenia

Positive symptoms and white matter microstructure in never-medicated first episode schizophrenia

A review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in schizophrenia

The myelin-pathogenesis puzzle in schizophrenia: a literature review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About