Purpose
To perform a preliminary clinical feasibility study of the real-time
fluoroscopic tracking technique for bolus chase MR angiography (MRA) of peripheral
vasculature to image three stations extending from the aortoiliac bifurcation to the
pedal arteries.
Materials and Methods
21 subjects comprised of eight healthy volunteers (3 male; mean age: 48 yr; age
range: 30–81 yr) and 13 patients with suspected peripheral arterial disease (5
male; mean age: 67 yr; age range: 47–81 yr) were enrolled in an IRB-approved and
HIPAA-compliant prospective study and provided informed consent. All subjects were
imaged with the fluoroscopic tracking MRA protocol. Ten patients were additionally
imaged with a clinical CT angiography (CTA) runoff exam. Two readers scored the MRA
studies for vessel signal and sharpness and presence of confounding artifact and venous
contamination at 35 arterial segments. Mean aggregate scores were assessed. The paired
MRA and CTA studies were additionally scored for visualization of disease, reading
confidence, and overall diagnostic quality and compared using a Wilcoxon signed rank
test.
Results
Real-time fluoroscopic tracking performed well technically in all studies.
Vessel segments were scored good to excellent in all evaluation categories with the
following exceptions: for vessel signal and sharpness, the abdominal aorta, iliac
arteries, distal plantar arteries, and plantar arch were scored fair to good; and for
presence of confounding artifact, the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries were scored
fair. The MRA and CTA studies did not differ significantly in any scoring category
(Reader 1: p=0.50, 0.39, and 0.39; Reader 2: p=0.41,
0.61, 0.33). CTA tended to be favored overall as it was scored “substantially
better” in 20% (4/20) and 25% (5/20) of the pooled evaluations
for the visualization of disease and overall image quality categories, respectively,
versus 5% (1/20) for MRA in both categories.
Conclusion
Three-station bolus chase MRA using real-time fluoroscopic tracking provided
high-spatial-resolution arteriograms of the peripheral vasculature, enabled precise
triggering of table motion, and compared well to CTA.