Subtype-specific activation of estrogen receptors by a special extract of Rheum rhaponticum (ERr 731®), its aglycones and structurally related compounds in U2OS human osteosarcoma cells

Estrogenic properties of naturally occurring prenylated isoflavones in U2OS human osteosarcoma cells: Structure–activity relationships

“…2.3. Reporter gene assays in U2OS cells, stably transfected with ER˛(U2OS-ER˛cells), transiently transfected with ER( U2OS-ERˇcells) and transactivation assay in MVLN cells U2OS-ER␣ cells were cultured routinely in phenol red-free DMEM-F12 medium containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) and 0.5 mg/ml G418 (Calbiochem/VWR, Darmstadt, Germany) as described elsewhere [22]. Experiments were performed in phe- nol red-free DMEM-F12 medium containing 5% dextran coated charcoal (DCC) stripped FCS and 0.5 mg/ml G418.…”

“…Subsequently U2OS cells were transferred to a 24-well plate (45,000 cells/well) and co-transfected with 100 ng of the ER␤ expression plasmid and 600 ng (ERE) 2 -tk-Luc reporter plasmid using a liposome protocol (DOTAP; Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany) and a DOTAP:DNA ratio of 3:1 [22].…”

The Use of Herbal Preparations to Alleviate Climacteric Disorders and Risk of Postmenopausal Breast Cancer in a German Case-Control Study

“…Phytoestrogens preferably bind to ERβ (34,35), and activated ERβ may reduce cell proliferation independently of ERα (36), a mechanism that may have been operative in ER − and PR − cases. Competitive binding of HEP agents to ER or PR may also have contributed to cell growth inhibition in receptor-positive tumors because estradiol levels are low in postmenopausal women.…”

Effect of different cooking regimes on rhubarb polyphenols

“…Anthraquinones commonly found in medical rhubarb extracts, such as emodin, rhein and chrysophanol, may be partly responsible for these effects and have been shown to have beneficial effects in model systems for neurobehavioral deficits associated with schizophrenia (Mizuno, Kawamura, Takei, & Nawa, 2008), diabetes (Zheng, Zhu, Li, & Liu, 2008), cancers (Chen, Hsieh, Chang, & Chung, 2004;Yu, Liu, Cheng, Hu, & Hou, 2008), cardiovascular disease Zhi-Heng, Ming-Fang, Shuang-Cheng, & Pui-Hay, 2008), symptoms associated with menopause (Möller et al, 2007) and inflammation (Ding et al, 2008).…”