Subwavelength colour imaging with a metallic nanolens

Kawata, Satoshi; Ono, Akira; Verma, Prabhat

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2008.103

Cited by 213 publications

(192 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The notion "hyperbolic metamaterial" stems from the resulting hyperbolic shape of the iso-frequency surfaces in wave-vector space 51 . These anisotropic systems can be used to achieve broadband all-angle negative refraction and super lens imaging [51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58] , for example. Corresponding experiments (negative refraction and subwavelength imaging) have been published at microwave 54 , infrared 52,55 , and visible wavelengths 57 .…”

Section: Direct Laser Writingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past achievements and future challenges in the development of three-dimensional photonic metamaterials

2011

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Photonic metamaterials are man-made structures composed of tailored micro-or nanostructured metallo-dielectric sub-wavelength building blocks that are densely packed into an effective material. This deceptively simple, yet powerful, truly revolutionary concept allows for achieving novel, unusual, and sometimes even unheard-of optical properties, such as magnetism at optical frequencies, negative refractive indices, large positive refractive indices, zero reflection via impedance matching, perfect absorption, giant circular dichroism, or enhanced nonlinear optical properties. Possible applications of metamaterials comprise ultrahigh-resolution imaging systems, compact polarization optics, and cloaking devices. This review describes the experimental progress recently made fabricating three-dimensional metamaterial structures and discusses some remaining future challenges.

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Section: Direct Laser Writingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past achievements and future challenges in the development of three-dimensional photonic metamaterials

2011

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“…Experimental demonstrations, however, were limited to subwavelength imaging in the near field using metallic wires grown in dielectric templates 45,46 . The tapered nanorod array with a magnification mechanism for far-field imaging still suffers critical challenges in achieving accurate growth at tapered angles and introducing gaps between the arrays 47 . With increased efforts towards the development of growth technologies [48][49][50] , experimental demonstrations of the proposed scheme for subwavelength colour imaging could become a reality in the near future.…”

Section: Experimental Hyperlens Demonstration and Recent Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperlenses and metalenses for far-field super-resolution imaging

2012

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The resolution of conventional optical lens systems is always hampered by the diffraction limit. Recent developments in artificial metamaterials provide new avenues to build hyperlenses and metalenses that are able to image beyond the diffraction limit. Hyperlenses project super-resolution information to the far field through a magnification mechanism, whereas metalenses not only super-resolve subwavelength details but also enable optical Fourier transforms. Recently, there have been numerous designs for hyperlenses and metalenses, bringing fresh theoretical and experimental advances, though future directions and challenges remain to be overcome.O ptical microscopy has revolutionized many fields such as microelectronics, biology and medicine. However, the resolution of a conventional optical lens system is always limited by diffraction to about half the wavelength of light. This diffraction barrier arises from the fact that subwavelength information from an object is carried by high spatial-frequency evanescent waves, which only exist in the near field. To overcome this diffraction limit, pioneering work has been carried out, including near-field scanning microscopy 1 , as well as fluorescence-based imaging methods 2,3 . These scanning-or random sampling-based nonprojection techniques achieve super-resolving power by sacrificing imaging speed, making them uncompetitive for dynamic imaging.Lens-based projection imaging remains the best option for high-speed microscopy. Immersion techniques have been proposed to enhance resolution, but they are limited by the low refractive indices of natural materials 4 . Emerging within the last decade, the fields of plasmonics and metamaterials provide solutions for engineering extraordinary material properties not found in nature, such as negative index of refraction 5,6 or strongly anisotropic materials 7,8 . This has provided tremendous opportunities for novel lens designs with unprecedented resolution 9 . Initiated by Pendry's seminal concept of the perfect lens 10 , a number of superlenses were demonstrated with resolving powers beyond the diffraction limit [11][12][13][14][15][16][17] . The optical superlens first achieved sub-diffraction-limited resolution by enhancing evanescent waves through a slab of silver 11 . As the evanescent-field enhancement is enabled by surface plasmon excitation, the subwavelength image is typically limited to the near field of the metal slab. However, the hyperlens-a metamaterial-based lens-can send super-resolution images into the far field by introducing a magnification mechanism. This has been considered as one of the most promising candidates for practical applications since its first demonstration in 2007 (refs 13,14). Recently, various other metamaterial-based lenses, that is, metalenses, have also been developed with both

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“…Plasmonic resonances strongly concentrate electromagnetic fields, which can be exploited in a range of applications including those involving energy transport 1,2 , imaging 3,4 , and sensing 5,6 . The damping of plasmonic resonances usually reduces their performance in applications and understanding this problem is of considerable practical importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damping of Plasmons of Closely Coupled Sphere Chains Due to Disordered Gaps

et al. 2011

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The damping of plasmons due to structural disorder may have important practical consequences. Here we use spherical harmonic expansions to quantify the damping of plasmons of ensembles of closely coupled sphere chains with moderately disordered gaps.We show that the quadratic shift of average resonance position due to disorder is maintained in the transition from weak to close coupling, but the sensitivity to disorder increases.Further we find that although the main peak is most often damped and broadened by disorder, it is possible for the optical extinction of disordered gold chains to increase slightly due to red-skew into a region with more favorable metal properties.

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Subwavelength colour imaging with a metallic nanolens

Cited by 213 publications

References 18 publications

Past achievements and future challenges in the development of three-dimensional photonic metamaterials

Past achievements and future challenges in the development of three-dimensional photonic metamaterials

Hyperlenses and metalenses for far-field super-resolution imaging

Damping of Plasmons of Closely Coupled Sphere Chains Due to Disordered Gaps

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