Purpose-Large geographic differences in utilization of a procedure draw into question its appropriate use. In Japan, replantation is commonly conducted for even very distal finger amputations. In the US, revision amputation is far more common. There has been no detailed investigation into the drivers of these differences.Methods-We created a survey to assess surgeons' experience with replantation, estimates of physical and functional outcomes, attitudes toward amputees, and preferences in several injury scenarios. The survey was distributed to members of the Finger Replantation and Amputation Multicenter (FRAM) Study and to hand surgeons making podium presentations at the Central Japanese Society for Surgery of the Hand Annual Meeting.Results-100% of both groups responded. There were no significant differences in experience with finger replantation. Japanese hand surgeons were significantly more likely to recommend replantation in all scenarios, despite 62% ranking function 6 months after replantation as "poor." Japanese surgeons rated the appearance of a hand with an amputated finger significantly poorer than American surgeons. Japanese surgeons were also significantly more likely to report stigmatization against finger amputees.Conclusion-There is no high level of evidence study comparing outcomes following replantation and revision amputation. The lack of evidence results in surgeons basing recommendations on personal preference. In this case, Japanese surgeons preferred replantation despite agreeing that functional outcomes were suboptimal. This may be because of Japanese cultural beliefs. Comparative effectiveness research, like that planned by the FRAM study, can help elucidate the appropriate utilization of finger replantation based on evidence.Corresponding author and reprint requests sent to: Kevin C Chung, MD, MS, Professor of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, Assistant Dean for Faculty Affairs, University of Michigan Medical School, 2130 Taubman Center, 1500 W Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0530, Phone: 734-615-3435, kecchung@umich.edu. Hand injuries pose a worldwide burden. Much of the world relies on manual labor such as farming and factory work for sustenance and income. In these cases, revision amputation, which allows for quicker return to work while largely maintaining function, is the preferred treatment. Despite more oversight by many countries in developing safety measure to protect workers, amputation of digits occurs frequently, even in highly developed countries such as the US and Japan. In these regions surgeons are engaged in intense microsurgical training and have access to advanced surgical technology and are able to replant amputated digits successfully. The use of this procedure is variable, however. In Japan and other parts of Asia, ever expanding indications for finger replantation mean the procedure is performed with increasing frequency. 3,4 In contrast, finger replantation is performed by a small fraction of hand surgeons at only 15% of American hospitals. 5,6...