Successful assisted reproduction in adult males with bladder extrophy–epispadias complex

Gambhir, Lisa; Reutter, Heiko; Ludwig, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2007.04.012

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2009

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“…This finding, combined with an estimated recurrence risk of 0.3 to 0.8 in children born to patients with BEEC (Ludwig et al, 2005), might influence the counseling of adult patients for assisted reproduction (AR). However, as reviewed in two recent reports (D'Hauwers et al, 2008; Gambhir et al, 2008b), successful reproductive outcomes were achieved in at least nine male patients with BEEC using AR, including IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bladder exstrophy‐epispadias complex

Ludwig

Ching

Reutter

et al. 2009

Birth Defects Research

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The bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (BEEC) represents an anterior midline defect with variable expression comprising a spectrum of anomalies involving the abdominal wall, pelvis, urinary tract, genitalia, and occasionally the spine and anus. The vast majority of BEEC cases are classified as non-syndromic and the etiology of this malformation is still unknown. This review presents the current state of knowledge on this multifactorial disorder, including historical retrospect, phenotypic and anatomical characterization, epidemiology, proposed developmental mechanisms, existing animal models, and implicated genetic and environmental components. These published lines of evidence argue strongly that BEEC occurs as a result of strong genetic predisposition that is yet to be deciphered.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%