Successful cyanide free plating protocols on magnesium alloys

Lei, Xiping; Yu, Gang; Zhu, Yanping; Zhang, Z. P.; He, Xiangming; Hu, Bonian; Chen, Y.

doi:10.1179/174591910x12646055765330

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The authors of a recent paper consider electrodeposition on magnesium alloys more advantageous compared with electroless nickel plating, in term of lower production cost, higher coatings thickness, lower porosity, better corrosion resistance and higher production efficiency (Lei et al, 2010). Pretreatment and pre-plating stages are critical for a protective coating system and in their paper they describe three pre-plating processes, i.e.…”

Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electroless and Electrochemical Deposition of Metallic Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Critical Literature Review

Forno¹,

Bestetti²

2011

Magnesium Alloys - Corrosion and Surface Treatments

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Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrochemical parameters of magnesium substrates, with different pre-plating layers in 3.5% NaCl (Lei et al, 2010).…”

Section: Wwwintechopencommentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electroless and Electrochemical Deposition of Metallic Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Critical Literature Review

Forno¹,

Bestetti²

2011

Magnesium Alloys - Corrosion and Surface Treatments

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“…Electrochemical plating, including electro-and electroless plating, has been previously explored on Mg alloys [7][8][9][10]. Metallic coatings can impart good surface appearance, and protect Mg alloys from corrosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrodeposition of Copper on AZ91 Mg Alloy in Cyanide Solution

Phương¹,

Park²,

Yim³

et al. 2016

Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering

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Copper electrodeposition on AZ91 Mg alloy was studied in views of preferential deposition on α-or β-phases and how to achieve uniform deposition over the entire surface on α-and β-phases in a cyanide solution. The inhomogeneous microstructure of AZ91 Mg alloy, particularly α-and β-phases, was found to result in non-uniform deposition of zincate layer, preferential deposition of zincate on β-phases, which leads to nonuniform growth of copper layer during the following electrodeposition process. The preferential depositions of zincate can be attributed to higher cathodic polarizations on the β-phases. Pin-hole defects in the copper electrodeposit were observed at the center of large size β-phase particles which is ascribed to gas bubbles formed at the β-phases. The activation of AZ91 Mg alloy in hydrofluoric acid solution was used to obtain uniform growth of zincate layer on both the α-and β-phases. By choosing an optimum activation time, a uniform zincate layer was obtained on the AZ91 Mg alloy surface and thereby uniform growth of copper was obtained in a cyanide copper electroplating solution.

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“…direct electroless nickel plating 9,28,29 and zinc immersion. 8,[30][31][32] Direct electroless nickel plating has the advantages of simplicity and suitability for magnesium alloys with high aluminum content. Nevertheless, the main disadvantage of this method is the use of hexavalent chromium compounds [Cr(VI)] and hydrofluoric acid [HF] during the etching and conversion coating treatments.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic-Assisted Electroless Ni-P Plating on Dual Phase Mg-Li Alloy

Zou

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2014

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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An ultrasonic-assisted method for electroless Ni-P plating on dual-phase Mg-Li alloy is proposed. Environmentally-friendly Ce(NO 3 ) 3 -KMnO 4 solution was successfully applied for the pre-treatment. Uniform and compact Ni-P coatings with fine structures have been successfully obtained. The Ni-P coatings are mixed with amorphous-crystalline features and well adhered to the substrates. The corrosion resistances were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, open circuit potential, potentiodynamic polarization and hydrogen evolution tests. The results indicate that ultrasonic processing significantly improves the corrosion resistance of Ni-P coatings due to the formation of uniform, dense and fine structures, which strengthen the passive film. Magnesium-lithium (Mg-Li) alloys are the lowest in density of metallic structural materials.1 Mg-Li alloys have excellent properties, such as high specific strength, good formability, damping capacity, impact resistance and energetic particle penetration tolerances.1,2 These properties provide Mg-Li alloys with a great potential for various applications, especially for transportation, in the aerospace industry and for electronic components.3-5 However, the application of Mg-Li alloys is restricted in practice due to undesirable properties, mainly poor corrosion and wear resistance.6-9 Surface treatment, specifically coating, is an effective way to improve corrosion resistance and wear resistance of Mg alloys. Among them, nickel-phosphorous (Ni-P) plating remains of high interest because of its unique advantages, including good corrosion resistance, wear resistance, lubricity, acceptable ductility, electric conduction and high hardness. 26 However, electroless Ni-P plating on Mg-Li base alloys, specifically on dual phase Mg-8 wt%Li base alloys, is much more difficult than on other Mg base alloys because the standard electrode potential of Li (−3.045 V vs SHE) is lower than that of Mg (−2.37 V vs SHE), making the alloy extremely susceptible to galvanic corrosion. This results in an unattractive appearance of plating and in the degradation of mechanical properties.Electroless nickel plating is an autocatalytic reaction for deposition of nickel on a substrate. 27 There are two main methods for electroless nickel plating on magnesium alloys, i.e. direct electroless nickel plating 9,28,29 and zinc immersion. 8,30-32 Direct electroless nickel plating has the advantages of simplicity and suitability for magnesium alloys with high aluminum content. Nevertheless, the main disadvantage of this method is the use of hexavalent chromium compounds [Cr(VI)] and hydrofluoric acid [HF] during the etching and conversion coating treatments. These materials are not friendly to the environment and increase the risk to people during operation. 8,9 The zinc immersion procedure is complicated and the step of plating copper with cyanide is poisonous to humans and the environment. In addition, common electroless nickel plating exhibits other drawbacks, such as energy consumption, fast ev...

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Successful cyanide free plating protocols on magnesium alloys

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

Electroless and Electrochemical Deposition of Metallic Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Critical Literature Review

Electroless and Electrochemical Deposition of Metallic Coatings on Magnesium Alloys Critical Literature Review

Electrodeposition of Copper on AZ91 Mg Alloy in Cyanide Solution

Ultrasonic-Assisted Electroless Ni-P Plating on Dual Phase Mg-Li Alloy

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