Successful management ofRothia aeriapneumonia during the peritransplant period: first reported case in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant

Abstract

56(1): 2 4 8 -2 5 0 © 2 0 1 4 In fo rm a UK, Ltd. informa healthcare LETTER TO THE EDITOR Successful m a n a g e m e n t o f R o th ia a e ria p n e u m o n ia d u rin g th e p e ritra n s p la n t p e rio d : first re p o rte d case in a llo g e n e ic h e m a to p o ie tic stem cell tra n s p la n t Rothia species belong to the Micrococcus family, which includes aerobic gram-positive coccoid, coccobacillus or filamentous, non-acid-fast, non-spore-form ing, n o n hemolytic, m osdy catalase-positive and non-m otile bacte rial species [1-3]. Several Rothia aeria infection cases have

Rothia aeria pneumonia in an immunocompetent patient: A novel case study

“…Respiratory tract infections caused by R. aeria are rare, with only two reported cases. The first case was acute bronchiolitis secondary to etanercept administration for rheumatoid arthritis, while the second case was cavity pneumonia that developed secondary to the administration of azathioprine and steroids for neurosarcoidosis 3,4 . Unlike these two cases, the patient in the present case was on medications for dyslipidaemia and hyperuricaemia but did not receive immunosuppressive medications.…”

Novel Selective Medium for the Isolation of Rothia aeria, Which Is an Inhabitant of the Human Oral Cavity

“…On clinical microbiological examination, Rothia species can be mistaken for bacteria such as Dermabacter hominis, Actinomyces viscosus, Propionibacterium avidum, Corynebacterium matruchotii, and Nocardia species because many laboratories are unfamiliar with these organisms, which may be difficult to culture due to having the same gram positive rods and to their variable aero-tolerance [22][23][24]. Moreover, the colonies of Nocardia species are similar to those of R. aeria [18]. R. aeria is capable of causing serious systemic infections [15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

“…Moreover, the colonies of Nocardia species are similar to those of R. aeria [18]. R. aeria is capable of causing serious systemic infections [15][16][17][18][19][20]. Therefore, RAESM may contribute to the correct and rapid diagnosis of the infectious diseases caused by R. aeria.…”

“…Consequently, it was indicated that R. aeria is a part of the normal flora in the human oral cavity, and the genus Rothia includes three species that inhabit the human oral cavity. aeria can be mistaken for Nocardia spp due to the morphological similarities, and discrimination between R. aeria and Nocardia spp needs further analyses, such as 16S rRNA sequencing [18]. Microorganisms of the genus Nocardia are branching and partially acid-alcohol-fast grampositive bacilli, and they belong to the order of Actinomycetales.…”

“…R. aeria is difficult to identify because of its similar morphology and colony appearance to those of Nocardia species. Therefore, 16S rRNA sequencing is required to distinguish R. aeria from Nocardia species [18].…”