Successful microsurgical removal of a pronucleus from tripronuclear human zygotes

Normal birth after microsurgical enucleation of tripronuclear human zygotes: Case report

“…First attempts to remove an extra male pronucleus were reported in 1988 (Rawlins et al, 1988); however, the enucleated zygotes failed to cleave. The following year, a 100% survival rate was reported using cytoskeletal relaxants on one group of oocytes, and in another group none survived micromanipulation without the use of cytoskeletal relaxants (Gordon et al, 1989). During the same year, a 36% survival rate was reported after enucleation of polypronuclear oocytes without the use of cytoskeletal relaxant (Malter and Cohen, 1989).…”

“…This was not the case in the present study. Polyspermy could also be due to the zona pellucida failing to block the simultaneous entry of two sperm (Gordon et al, 1989).…”

“…Attempts at enucleation of human triploid zygotes focused mainly on single pronuclear removal (Rawlins et al, 1988;Gordon et al, 1989;Malter and Cohen, 1989). First attempts to remove an extra male pronucleus were reported in 1988 (Rawlins et al, 1988); however, the enucleated zygotes failed to cleave.…”

“…In that study, the cytoskeletal relaxing agent, cytochalasin B, was used to assist pronuclear removal, but survival was poor. Using the same technique, Gordon et al (1989) achieved a 55% survival rate after removal of a single pronucleus from human triploid zygotes. In the same year, a 36% survival rate was reported after pronucleus removal in the absence of cytoskeletal relaxants (Malter and Cohen, 1989).…”

Micromanipulation of gametes for in vitro assisted fertilization

“…Two recent papers have reported the microsurgical repair of polyspermic human embryos (Malter and Cohen, 1989b;Gordon et al, 1989). Correction of polyspermy through pronucleus extraction has been investigated in human pronuclear eggs fertilized by conventional IVF and ZD.…”