Successful treatment of aluminium phosphide poisoning by dihydroxyacetone: A two‐case report study

Abstract

What is known and objective Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is an agricultural fumigant which produces phosphine gas in the presence of moisture. Phosphine inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and causes cell death by inhibiting cytochrome C oxidase. Clinical manifestations of AlP poisoning are refractory hypotension, tachycardia, low oxygen saturation and severe metabolic acidosis. Case summary Two cases received dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in addition to routine management of AlP poisoning. Administration of DHA (7 gr in 50 mL sodium bicarbonate, gavage) 2 times at a 1‐hour interval improved the clinical signs. What is new and conclusion This is the first case report to highlight the safe and successful treatment of AlP poisoning with DHA. However, more clinical studies are recommended to determine the precise mechanism of DHA action.

Suicidal Self Poisoning and Its Relation With Personality Traits Among Admitted Cases to Menoufia Poisoning Control Center.

“…Death rate reached 15.9%, and a highly statistically significant relationship between the type of poison and the outcome was present, where the highest percentage of dead cases (88.2%) used aluminum phosphide pesticide; aluminum phosphide is a highly toxic substance; converted to phosphine gas after exposure to water or hydrochloric acid in the stomach; phosphine prevents oxidative phosphorylation by inhibiting Cytochrome c oxidase that leads to cell death, it has no antidote (Oghabian et al 2020). Moreover, it is cheap and widely available in pesticide shops.…”

The therapeutic effect of a novel parenteral formulation of dihydroxyacetone in aluminum phosphide-intoxicated patients

“…Recently, a case report of DHA administration in AlP poisoning has been described, in which DHA dissolved in sodium bicarbonate was orally administered to two cases of AlP-poisoned patients. The study involved just two instances of AlP poisoning, and only the cardiovascular events have been monitored [ 48 ]. On the other hand, oral administration of DHA solution may not be reasonable, as water could increase the risk of PH 3 release from ingested AlP and may worsen the patient's condition.…”

Repurposing of sevelamer as a novel antidote against aluminum phosphide poisoning: An in vivo evaluation

“…Animals were anesthetized (80 mg/kg, i.p ), and blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta and centrifuged (3000 g, 20 min, 4 °C). Serum was used to assess organ injury biomarkers [ 21 ]. Moreover, a series of animals (n = 10/group) were monitored for seven consecutive days to investigate the survival rate.…”