Successful Treatment of Conjunctival Lymphangiectasia With Subconjunctival Injection of Bevacizumab

Abstract

Subconjunctival bevacizumab injection may be an effective treatment for conjunctival lymphangiectasia.

Lymphangiectasia

“…A further alternative is the local injection of the monoclonal antibody bevacizumab or avastin. In the study by Tan et al relating to this method, there were no recurrences after three years of follow‐up.…”

Bevacizumab and Bleomycin combination for treatment of orbital lymphatico‐venous malformation recalcitrant to sclerosing therapy alone

“…A significant molecular finding in the understanding of lymphatic development was the expression of VEGF‐C, a lymphatic endothelial cell specific growth factor, and its tyrosine kinase receptor: VEGFR‐3 . VEGFR‐3 plays a critical role in the proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells during lymphangiogenesis . These pathways appear to be similarly active in abnormal vascular proliferation in LVMs .…”

“…VEGFR‐3 plays a critical role in the proliferation of lymphatic endothelial cells during lymphangiogenesis . These pathways appear to be similarly active in abnormal vascular proliferation in LVMs . Findings from studies of recurrent LVMs suggest that VEGF‐C and VEGFR‐3 are upregulated in refractory lesions, offering some support for their involvement in maturing LVMs and for VEGF blockade in their management …”

“…Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that binds VEGF‐A. It is FDA approved as a chemotherapeutic agent and is used off label for the treatment of a range of retinal vascular disorders . Although lymphangiogenesis is principally regulated by VEGF‐C and VEGF‐D, VEGF‐A may play a role in lymphangiogenesis .…”

“…It is FDA approved as a chemotherapeutic agent and is used off label for the treatment of a range of retinal vascular disorders . Although lymphangiogenesis is principally regulated by VEGF‐C and VEGF‐D, VEGF‐A may play a role in lymphangiogenesis . VEGF‐A is one of a family of growth factors that include VEGF‐B, VEGF‐C, VEGF‐D and placental growth factor (PLGF) with overlapping activity on the tyrosine kinase receptors VEGFR‐1,2 and 3 .…”