Succimer treatment and calcium supplementation reduce tissue lead in suckling rats

Abstract

The effect of combined treatment with meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) and calcium supplementation in reducing lead absorption and enhancing lead elimination was evaluated in suckling rats under two experimental conditions: during ongoing oral lead exposure (lead acetate, 2 mg Pb kg(-1) day(-1), total dose 16 mg Pb kg(-1)) or after lead exposure (72 h after a 2-day lead exposure, total dose 12 mg Pb kg(-1) s.c.). The artificial feeding method was used for calcium supplementation, with 6% Ca (as CaHPO(4)) suspension in cow's milk to increase the daily calcium intake about three times above control values. Artificial feeding lasted for 7 h a day over eight consecutive days. During this period DMSA was administered on 6 days twice a day (0.5 mmol kg(-1) day(-1) p.o.). At the end of the experiments, Pb, Ca and Zn in the carcass and Pb, Fe and Cu in the liver, kidneys and brain were analysed by atomic absorption spectrometry. Calcium supplementation during lead exposure reduced tissue lead but had no effect when applied after lead exposure, and DMSA administered either during or after lead exposure lowered the tissue lead. Combined treatment during ongoing lead exposure caused a greater reduction in tissue lead than either DMSA or calcium treatment alone. When administered after lead exposure, it had no advantage over DMSA treatment alone but did not impair its efficacy. Combined treatment had no influence on growth and did not seriously disturb essential element status. It is concluded that calcium supplementation could be applied during DMSA therapy, when indicated.

Curcumin‐loaded cockle shell‐derived calcium carbonate nanoparticles ameliorates lead‐induced neurotoxicity in rats via attenuation of oxidative stress

“…Thus, the weight loss observed might be associated with the lead ability to interrupt the absorption and metabolism feed nutrients, which is impactful to health as reported earlier by Alwaleedi ( 2016 ). Body weight reduction in lead‐induced toxicity was reported in previous literatures (Abdel Moneim et al, 2011 ; Khan et al, 2008 ; Varnai et al, 2004 ). However, treatment with curcumin and Cur‐CSCaCO 3 NP showed body weight gain in the animals and stabilized their diet condition, although body weight gain was more obvious in rats treated with Cur‐CSCaCO 3 NP.…”

“…Thus, the weight loss observed might be associated with the lead ability to interrupt the absorption and metabolism feed nutrients, which is impactful to health as reported earlier by Alwaleedi (2016). Body weight reduction in lead-induced toxicity was reported in previous literatures (Abdel Moneim et al, 2011;Khan et al, 2008;Varnai et al, 2004).…”

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“…While Teijon et al, 2006). Because of their active growth phase, the rats in this study may have gained weight even in the positive control group (Marija et al, 2004).…”

“…be ascribed to lowering the chance of Pb interacting with important biomolecules and promoting oxidative damage or enhancing the cell's antioxidant defense(Marija et al, 2004). Because flavonoids include numerous hydroxyl groups, which serve as metal chelators by creating a coordination link with Pb, VA may have prevented the accumulation of Pb in the kidney.…”