2022
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.991243
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Succinum extracts inhibit microglial-derived neuroinflammation and depressive-like behaviors

Abstract: Microglia are emerging as important targets for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. The phagocytic microglial phenotype and the resulting neuroinflammation lead to synaptic loss and neuronal cell death. To explore potential candidates that inhibit microglial hyperactivation, we first investigated ten candidate extracts of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Among the candidates, Pinus spp. succinum extract (PSE) was superior; thus, we furt… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
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“…Increased activity also of protein kinase B (Akt-1), which is an antioxidant in the wingless-GSK pathway and carries on some of the biological [ 128 , 129 , 130 ] and clinical [ 131 ] actions of lithium, which also inhibits GSK-3β [ 132 , 133 , 134 ], was found to be associated with antidepressant effects in the studies included in this review [ 42 , 45 , 47 , 74 , 75 , 93 , 94 , 110 , 119 ]. On the opposite side are found nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) pathways; the higher the NF-κB [ 38 , 39 , 67 , 69 , 73 , 75 , 80 , 85 , 91 , 98 , 100 , 103 , 113 , 115 ] and GSK3β levels [ 45 , 79 , 109 ], the worse the depressive indexes. Therefore, it appears that on one side, there are antioxidant systems and growth factors promoting plasticity, such as Nrf2–HO-1, BDNF, Akt, TrkB, and CREB, which are protective from depression and, on the other side, GSK-3β and NF-κB, which promote depressive behaviour ( Figure 2 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Increased activity also of protein kinase B (Akt-1), which is an antioxidant in the wingless-GSK pathway and carries on some of the biological [ 128 , 129 , 130 ] and clinical [ 131 ] actions of lithium, which also inhibits GSK-3β [ 132 , 133 , 134 ], was found to be associated with antidepressant effects in the studies included in this review [ 42 , 45 , 47 , 74 , 75 , 93 , 94 , 110 , 119 ]. On the opposite side are found nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) pathways; the higher the NF-κB [ 38 , 39 , 67 , 69 , 73 , 75 , 80 , 85 , 91 , 98 , 100 , 103 , 113 , 115 ] and GSK3β levels [ 45 , 79 , 109 ], the worse the depressive indexes. Therefore, it appears that on one side, there are antioxidant systems and growth factors promoting plasticity, such as Nrf2–HO-1, BDNF, Akt, TrkB, and CREB, which are protective from depression and, on the other side, GSK-3β and NF-κB, which promote depressive behaviour ( Figure 2 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%