Sucrose as an energy source for growing pigs: digestible energy content and energy utilization

Beech, S. A.; Elliott, R.; Batterham, E. S.

doi:10.1017/s0003356100005493

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…1 was to evaluate responses to addition of a more available dietary CHO source on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of pigs. The increase in growth performance of pigs fed diets containing sucrose was consistent with previous research (Brooks et al, 1972;Schumacher et al, 1986;Beech et al, 1990). However, Beech et al (1991a,b) detected no positive effect on growth performance, but they did report an increased energy utilization.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of carbohydrate source on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs1,2,3

Camp

Southern

Bidner

2003

Journal of Animal Science

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Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of substituting a more available dietary carbohydrate (CHO) for portions of corn or fat in the diet on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and serum or plasma metabolites in growing-finishing pigs. A three-phase feeding program was used with corn-soybean meal diets formulated to provide 105% of the Lys requirement for barrows or gilts gaining 325 g of lean daily in Exp. 1 or gilts gaining 350 g of lean daily in Exp. 2. Diets were isoenergetic within experiments. All other nutrients met or exceeded suggested requirements. In Exp. 1, pigs were allotted to three dietary treatments (0, 7.5, or 15.0% sucrose), with three replications of barrows and three replications of gilts, and with three or four pigs per replicate pen; average initial and final BW were 25.2 and 106.7 kg. In Exp. 2, gilts were allotted to two dietary treatments (waxy [high amylopectin] or nonwaxy [75% amylopectin and 25% amylose] corn as the grain source), with five replications of four gilts per replicate pen; average initial and final BW were 37.7 and 100.0 kg. In Exp. 1, ADG and gain:feed ratio increased linearly (P < 0.02) as dietary sucrose increased. Minolta color scores, a* and b*, and drip loss (P < 0.06) also increased linearly with added sucrose. In Exp. 2, ADG, carcass weight and length, and the Minolta a* value were greater for pigs fed waxy corn (P < 0.08) than for those fed nonwaxy corn. Feed intake, longissimus muscle area, 10th-rib and average backfat thickness, dressing percentage, fat-free lean, percentage of lean and muscling, lean gain per day, total fat, percentage fat, lean:fat ratio, serum or plasma metabolites (Exp. 1: serum urea N; Exp. 2: serum urea N, and plasma nonesterified fatty acids, triacylglycerols, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, insulin, and total protein), pH of the longissimus muscle, and subjective muscle scores (color, firmness-wetness, and marbling) were not affected by diet in either experiment. In summary, increasing availability of dietary CHO in growing-finishing pig diets improved growth performance, but it did not affect carcass traits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Effect of carbohydrate source on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs1,2,3

Camp

Southern

Bidner

2003

Journal of Animal Science

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“…Glucose generation rates (μg/min) from the sucrose isomers were much lower than all of the maltose isomers except trehalose (Tables 1 and 2). Interestingly, sucrose is considered a rapidly digestible carbohydrate, 37 although its glucose generation rate is lower than that of α-amylase products from starch digestion (e.g., maltose and maltotriose). 38 Figure 2.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of the Individual Small Intestinal α-Glucosidases to Digestion of Unusual α-Linked Glycemic Disaccharides

Yoo

Rose

Lin

et al. 2016

J. Agric. Food Chem.

102

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The mammalian mucosal α-glucosidase complexes, maltase-glucoamylase (MGAM) and sucrase-isomaltase (SI), have two catalytic subunits (N- and C-termini). Concurrent with the desire to modulate glycemic response, there has been a focus on di-/oligosaccharides with unusual α-linkages that are digested to glucose slowly by these enzymes. Here, we look at disaccharides with various possible α-linkages and their hydrolysis. Hydrolytic properties of the maltose and sucrose isomers were determined using rat intestinal and individual recombinant α-glucosidases. The individual α-glucosidases had moderate to low hydrolytic activities on all α-linked disaccharides, except trehalose. Maltase (N-terminal MGAM) showed a higher ability to digest α-1,2 and α-1,3 disaccharides, as well as α-1,4, making it the most versatile in α-hydrolytic activity. These findings apply to the development of new glycemic oligosaccharides based on unusual α-linkages for extended glycemic response. It also emphasizes that mammalian mucosal α-glucosidases must be used in in vitro assessment of digestion of such carbohydrates.

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“…The deaths of the pigs in the present experiment appeared to be due to a vitamin K deficiency in the diet. No vitamin K supplement was included in the current experiment as, in earlier experiments with sugar-soya-bean-meal diets (Beech et al 1990), no health problems had been encountered. Presumably, the level of vitamin K in meat-and-bone meal (where the majority of the deaths occurred), was lower than in the other vegetable protein concentrates, or intestinal synthesis was reduced, or both, necessitating dietary supplementation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of ileal digestible amino acids by growing pigs: threonine

Batterham

Andersen

1991

Br J Nutr

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An experiment was conducted to determine the utilization of ileal digestible threonine by growing pigs. Three threonine-deficient diets (0.22 g ileal digestible threonine/MJ digestible energy (DE)) were formulated using cottonseed meal, meat-and-bone meal and soya-bean meal respectively, as the only source of threonine in the diet. An additional three diets were formulated with supplements of threonine to confirm that threonine was limiting in the first three diets. The growth performance and retention of threonine by pigs given the six diets over the 20-45 kg growth phase was then determined. Growth rates (g/d) of the pigs given the three diets formulated to 0.22 g ileal digestible threonine/MJ DE were significantly different (P < 0.001): cottonseed meal 417, meat-and-bone meal 452, soya-bean meal 524 (SED 13.6). The response of pigs to the addition of threonine confirmed that threonine was limiting in these diets. Crude protein (nitrogen x 6.25) deposited by the pigs (g/d) was significantly higher ( P < 0.001) for those given soya-bean meal (75), relative to meat-and-bone meal (62) and cottonseed meal (47) (SED 3.3). The proportion of ileal digestible threonine retained by pigs given the three protein concentrates was : cottonseed meal 0.44, meat-and-bone meal 0.59, soya-bean meal 0.64 (SED 0.024). These results indicate that values for the ileal digestibility of threonine in protein concentrates are unsuitable in dietary formulations as the assay does not reflect the proportion of threonine that can be utilized by the pig. It appears that, with heat-processed meals, a considerable proportion of the threonine is absorbed in a form@) that is (are) inefficiently utilized.

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Sucrose as an energy source for growing pigs: digestible energy content and energy utilization

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Effect of carbohydrate source on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs1,2,3

Effect of carbohydrate source on growth performance, carcass traits, and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs1,2,3

Contribution of the Individual Small Intestinal α-Glucosidases to Digestion of Unusual α-Linked Glycemic Disaccharides

Utilization of ileal digestible amino acids by growing pigs: threonine

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