Sucrose Synthase in Wild Tomato, <i>Lycopersicon chmielewskii</i>, and Tomato Fruit Sink Strength

Sun, Juan; Loboda, T.; Sung, Shi-Jean S.; Black, Clanton C.

doi:10.1104/pp.98.3.1163

Cited by 147 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Since (1) ripening fruits of the domesticated tomato contain higher SI and Susy activities than fruits of the wild types and (2) both enzymes, Susy and SI, are distributed throughout the entire fruit body, we conclude that both enzymes are at least partly responsible for the diVerences in carbohydrate composition of the domesticated tomato fruits and the fruits of the wild types. The present results are in line with previous work on fruits of a wide variety of tomatoes (Yelle et al1988;Miron and SchaVer 1991;Stommel 1992;Sun et al 1992). …”

Section: Carbohydrate Contentssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…We have initiated a comparative study of developmental changes in the initial steps in carbohydrate metabolism during early fruit development in the S. lycopersicum cv Money Maker and the wild accessions S. peruvianum LA0385 and S. habrochaites LA1777. DiVerences between accessions have been described before but concern only the activity of a limited number of enzymes, e.g., invertase and sucrose synthase (Yelle et al 1988;Miron and SchaVer 1991;Sun et al 1992;Stommel 1992;Balibrea et al 2003). We describe not only the enzymes involved in sucrose breakdown but the next steps in carbohydrate metabolism as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during early fruit development between domesticated tomato and two wild relatives

Kortstee

Appeldoorn

Oortwijn

et al. 2007

Planta

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Early development and growth of fruit in the domesticated tomato Solanum lycopersicum cultivar Money Maker and two of its wild relatives, S. peruvianum LA0385 and S. habrochaites LA1777, were studied. Although small diVerences exist, the processes involved and the sequence of events in fruit development are similar in all three species. The growth of developing fruits is exponential and the relative growth rate accelerates from 5 days after pollination (DAP 5) to DAP 8, followed by a decline during further development. Growth is positively correlated to the standard "Brix plus starch'' in the period DAP 8-DAP 20. Carbohydrate composition and levels of sugars and organic acids diVer in fruits of the wild accessions compared to domesticated tomato. The wild accessions accumulate sucrose instead of glucose and fructose, and ripe fruits contain higher levels of malate and citrate. The enzymes responsible for the accumulation of glucose and fructose in domesticated tomatoes are soluble invertase and sucrose synthase. The regulation of initial carbohydrate metabolism in the domesticated tomato diVers from that in the wild species, as could be concluded from measuring activities of enzymes involved in primary carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, changes in the activity of several enzymes, e.g., cell wall invertase, soluble invertase, fructokinase and phosphoglucomutase, could be attributed to changes in gene expression level. For other enzymes, additional control mechanisms play a role in the developing tomato fruits. Localization by in-situ activity staining of enzymes showed comparable results for fruits of domesticated tomato and the wild accessions. However, in the pericarp of S. peruvianum, less activity staining of phosphogluco-isomerase, phosphoglucomutase and UDPglucosepyrophosphorylase was observed.

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Section: Carbohydrate Contentssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during early fruit development between domesticated tomato and two wild relatives

Kortstee

Appeldoorn

Oortwijn

et al. 2007

Planta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…At this time starch accounts for 20% of the total dry matter. Sun et al (1992) reported that, using the appropriate extraction method, sucrose synthase activity was readily measured and that sucrose synthase activity per growing fruit was linearly related to final fruit size. Robinson et al (1988) observed a positive correlation between the levels of sucrose synthase activity and starch content in tomato fruit of three varieties (cv 1563, cv VF 145-7879, and cv UC-82B) that differ in starch accumulation in fruit 20 to 40 DAA and in soluble sugars at ripening.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both acid invertase and sucrose synthase have been implicated as playing a major role in cleaving imported sucrose, which in turn may regulate the rate of carbon import to developing tomato fruit (Walker and Ho, 1977;Johnson et al, 1988;Robinson et al, 1988;Sun et al, 1992). Thus, the relative roles of invertase and sucrose synthase in the determination of tomato fruit sink strength and their relationship with fruit growth are still not understood.…”

Section: Educacion Y Ciencia (Spain)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sucrose Synthase, Starch Accumulation, and Tomato Fruit Sink Strength

et al. 1993

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Contrasting evidence has accumulated regarding the role of acid invertase and sucrose synthase in tomato fruit sink establishment and maintenance. In this work the relationships among the activities of sucrose synthase and acid invertase, Lycopersicon esculentum Mil1 cv UC-82B fruit growth, and starch accumulation were analyzed i n fruit at O to 39 d after anthesis. Sucrose synthase, but not acid invertase, was found to be positively correlated with tomato fruit relative growth rate and with starch content in the pericarp tissue. A similar association between sucrose synthase activity and starch accumulation was also evident in the basal portion of the stem. Heat-shock treatments, which inhibited the increase in sucrose synthase activity at the beginning of the light period and had no effect on acid invertase activity, were used to examine the importance ui sucrose synthase i n relation to sucrose metabolism and starch synthesis. After the heat-shock treatment, concomitantly with the suppressed sucrose synthase activity relative to the controls, there was a reduction in sucrose cleavage and starch accumulation. These data substantiate the conclusion that, during the early phases of tomato fruit development, sucrose synthase rather than acid invertase is the dominant enzyme i n metabolizing imported sucrose, which i n turn plays a part in regulating the import of sucrose into the fruit.

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“…Sun et al (1992) studied fruit sucrose metabolism in L. chmielewskii. As a result, the ability to degrade sucrose does not increase in the latter stage of fruit growth and found that, along with fruit growth and development, AI always maintained a low level of activity, leading to sucrose accumulation in the fruit.…”

Section: Relative Expression Levels Of Tomato Sucrose Invertases and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression patterns of invertase gene families and modulation of the inhibitor gene in tomato sucrose metabolism

Zhang

Zhang²,

Jiang³

2013

Genet. Mol. Res.

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ABSTRACT. Patterns of gene expression in the different types of sucrose metabolism in the tomato are highly variable and heritable. This genetic variation causes considerable functional differences. We examined the patterns of expression of invertase (Inv) gene families and an invertase inhibitor (INH) gene involved in elongating roots, hypocotyls, and fruit of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Micro-Tom and L. chmielewskii) through a real-time quantitative PCR analysis. We found that the Lin6 gene plays an important role in the vegetative growth stage. Lin5 and Lin7 did not express in Micro-Tom, but did express in L. chmielewskii. Overall relative expression levels of sucrose Inv gene families were significantly lower in L. chmielewskii during the reproductive growth stage than in Micro-Tom, being up to hundreds of times lower. It was not expressed in the dissepiment in L. chmielewskii. We suggest that differences in sucrose accumulation in tomato fruit is mainly due to differentially expressed invertase gene families at the later fruit growth stages.

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Sucrose Synthase in Wild Tomato, Lycopersicon chmielewskii, and Tomato Fruit Sink Strength

Abstract: Here it is reported that sucrose synthase can be readily measured

Cited by 147 publications

References 29 publications

Differences in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during early fruit development between domesticated tomato and two wild relatives

Differences in regulation of carbohydrate metabolism during early fruit development between domesticated tomato and two wild relatives

Sucrose Synthase, Starch Accumulation, and Tomato Fruit Sink Strength

Gene expression patterns of invertase gene families and modulation of the inhibitor gene in tomato sucrose metabolism

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