Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes

Huang, Shoei K. Stephen

doi:10.1159/000074812

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…1 Consequently, after a routine physical and echocardiographic examination in such patients, coronary angiography or cardiac MDCT should be the next diagnostic approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) with subsequent intramural coursing between the ascending aorta and the main pulmonary artery (PA) is certainly even rarer. 2 In young people engaged in strenuous exercise, this condition commonly results in myocardial ischemia, ventricular arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death.…”

Section: Sudden Cardiac Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sudden Cardiac Death Associated with Anomalous Origin of the Left Main Coronary Artery from the Right Sinus, with an Intramural Course

Chang¹,

Hsieh²,

Chao³

et al. 2015

Texas Heart Institute Journal

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C ongenital anomalies of coronary arteries are rare, insofar as they are seen upon coronary angiography at a rate of approximately 1%.1 Anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) with subsequent intramural coursing between the ascending aorta and the main pulmonary artery (PA) is certainly even rarer.2 In young people engaged in strenuous exercise, this condition commonly results in myocardial ischemia, ventricular arrhythmia, and sudden cardiac death. We report such a case in which the result was favorable. Case ReportIn March 2011, an 18-year-old woman suddenly lost consciousness and collapsed upon completion of a 10-km run at her university's annual campus marathon. She had not been trained for running in accordance with any protocol, and this was her first time to expend such a level of effort. She had not experienced any symptoms before the event.In our emergency department, a 15-to 20-min course of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and electrical shock for ventricular fibrillation (Fig. 1A) enabled a return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), and the patient was admitted to our medical intensive care unit (MICU).In the MICU, she was unconscious and her systemic pressure remained low (~80/50 mmHg), despite a high intravenous dose of an inotropic agent. Her jugular venous pressure was elevated, and her body temperature was 36 °C. A 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) obtained 20 minutes after ROSC showed sinus tachycardia with nonspecific ST-T changes and no prolonged QTc interval (QTc, 446 ms) (Fig. 1B). Her initial arterial blood gas analysis showed hypoxia with respiratory and metabolic acidosis. The chest radiograph taken immediately after admission to the MICU showed a normal heart size with bilateral pulmonary edema, similar to a pattern of acute respiratory distress syndrome. A transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) taken 2 hours after her admission to the MICU revealed a normal left ventricular (LV) chamber size with diffuse hypokinesia and an LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of approximately 0.30. No pericardial effusion was found. The initial complete blood counts, the blood chemistry results, and the toxicology screen were all normal. An intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP)-inserted about 3 hours after admission to the MICU-subsequently assisted, over the course of 4 days, with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for cardiogenic shock.The patient's general condition improved substantially after therapeutic hypothermia, and she awoke on the 3rd day of hospitalization. On the 4th and 5th days, she was successfully weaned from the ECMO, the IABP, and the mechanical ventilator.

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“…1 Consequently, after a routine physical and echocardiographic examination in such patients, coronary angiography or cardiac MDCT should be the next diagnostic approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sudden Cardiac Deathmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sudden Cardiac Death Associated with Anomalous Origin of the Left Main Coronary Artery from the Right Sinus, with an Intramural Course

Chang¹,

Hsieh²,

Chao³

et al. 2015

Texas Heart Institute Journal

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“…Among them, SCD is usually a consequence of some congenital disease. The incidence rises between 1/15,000 and 1/18,000 in elderly athletes [21]. In these cases, sudden cardiac death is usually associated with coronary disease [20].…”

Section: Sudden Cardiac Death In Athletesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in General Population and Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes

Nagy¹,

Kiss²,

Fülöp³

et al. 2022

Cardiac Arrhythmias - Translational Approach From Pathophysiology to Advanced Care

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Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is still one of the leading causes of cardiovascular death in the developed countries. The incidence of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Europe varies from 67 to 170 per 100,000 population. The chain of survival will be described in detailed steps. We are going to summarize the treatment options for sudden cardiac arrest from recognition of SCD to resuscitation and post cardiac arrest care. The role of awereness and Automated External Defibrillator and Public Access Defibrillation (AED-PAD) programs will be discussed in brief. SCD is one of the most common causes of death among athletes. Sport can trigger SCD in individuals who already have unknown form of heart disease. Our aim was to detail the underlying causes of SCD in athletes and to identify the possible screening techniques. Existing disease (e.g., myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis) can be seen as a substrate, and sport as a trigger can cause arrhythmias, increased catecholamine release, acidosis, and dehydration. We will highlight the importance of sports medicine and periodic examination in screening for these conditions. Depending on the etiology, this may include exercise ECG, Holter monitor, CT, MR, echocardiography, and coronagraphy. We are going to conclude the new recommendations for COVID-19 post-infection care for athletes.

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“…Miokarditis je nekada takode tesko razlikovati od atletskog srea [10,44,45]. On moze biti iIi infektivnog porekla, iii poslediea upotrebe (zloupotrebe) pojedinih lekova i doping sredstava.…”

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“…Ova bolest se rnoze manifestovati na razlicite nacine i uvek podrazumeva strukturne i funkeionalne abnormalnosti desne komore, ventrikularne i supraventrikularne aritmije, familijarno pojavljivanje, kao i rizik od iznenadnih smrti [44]. Ova bolest se rnoze manifestovati na razlicite nacine i uvek podrazumeva strukturne i funkeionalne abnormalnosti desne komore, ventrikularne i supraventrikularne aritmije, familijarno pojavljivanje, kao i rizik od iznenadnih smrti [44].…”

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Distinguishing the athlete's heart syndrome from some pathological conditions

Popović

Stojiljković

et al. 2008

Med pregl

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The response of the body to vigorous physical activity is a multiorgan system phenomenon. As a result, the body undergoes profound morphologic and functional alterations, but as there are different kinds of physical activities, the degree of these changes is highly variable as well. Considering many sudden cardiac deaths in sport, it is needless to say how important it is to know where the border of normal changes of the body due to physical activity is and when these changes become unhealthy. Also it is very important to distinguish physiological changes of the body due to physical activity and pathological changes due to some cardiac diseases. In order to prevent sudden cardiac deaths in sport, it is very important to distinguish athletes heart syndrome and hypertrophic cardiomiopathy, dilatative cardiomiopathy, aritmogenic cardiomiopathy of the right ventricle and myocarditis. More frequent physical examinations of athletes are recommended.

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Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes

Cited by 10 publications

References 157 publications

Sudden Cardiac Death Associated with Anomalous Origin of the Left Main Coronary Artery from the Right Sinus, with an Intramural Course

Sudden Cardiac Death Associated with Anomalous Origin of the Left Main Coronary Artery from the Right Sinus, with an Intramural Course

Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in General Population and Sudden Cardiac Death in Athletes

Distinguishing the athlete's heart syndrome from some pathological conditions

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