Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) – risk stratification and prediction with molecular biomarkers

Osman, Junaida; Tan, Shing Cheng; Lee, Pey Yee; Low, Teck Yew; Jamal, Rahman

doi:10.1186/s12929-019-0535-8

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 109 publications

(141 reference statements)

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“…Additionally, CVD is a complex heterogeneous disease and genetic analyses mostly did not consider environmental factors, the various triggers for HF and were limited to CAD/CVD patients of European ancestry (156,164,165). Therefore, performance of PRS and the sensitivity and specificity of genomic loci as HF prognosis biomarkers needs to be validated in different large-scale studies as well as in different ethnicities (166,167). Large-scale population-based cohort studies are required to allow for the evaluation of a broad range of phenotypes together with high-density genetic mapping.…”

Section: Challenges and Prospects Of Using Genetic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers for Heart Failure Prognosis: Proteins, Genetic Scores and Non-coding RNAs

Shrivastava

Haase

Zeller

et al. 2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Heart failure (HF) is a complex disease in which cardiomyocyte injury leads to a cascade of inflammatory and fibrosis pathway activation, thereby causing decrease in cardiac function. As a result, several biomolecules are released which can be identified easily in circulating body fluids. The complex biological processes involved in the development and worsening of HF require an early treatment strategy to stop deterioration of cardiac function. Circulating biomarkers provide not only an ideal platform to detect subclinical changes, their clinical application also offers the opportunity to monitor disease treatment. Many of these biomarkers can be quantified with high sensitivity; allowing their clinical application to be evaluated beyond diagnostic purposes as potential tools for HF prognosis. Though the field of biomarkers is dominated by protein molecules, non-coding RNAs (microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, and circular RNAs) are novel and promising biomarker candidates that encompass several ideal characteristics required in the biomarker field. The application of genetic biomarkers as genetic risk scores in disease prognosis, albeit in its infancy, holds promise to improve disease risk estimation. Despite the multitude of biomarkers that have been available and identified, the majority of novel biomarker candidates are not cardiac-specific, and instead may simply be a readout of systemic inflammation or other pathological processes. Thus, the true value of novel biomarker candidates in HF prognostication remains unclear. In this article, we discuss the current state of application of protein, genetic as well as non-coding RNA biomarkers in HF risk prognosis.

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Section: Challenges and Prospects Of Using Genetic Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers for Heart Failure Prognosis: Proteins, Genetic Scores and Non-coding RNAs

Shrivastava

Haase

Zeller

et al. 2020

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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“…Early genetic studies by Sanger were sequencing screened patients for variants in candidate genes thought to be causative for the clinical phenotypes ( Figure 1 ). Variants in several genes, including KCNQ1 , SCN5A , KCNH2 , RYR2 , PKP2 , DSP , and MYBPC3 4 were discovered over time in patients with personal and familial history of SCD, but, nonetheless, channelopathies and cardiomyopathies were still considered two completely separate conditions.…”

Section: Genomics/epigenomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The omics of channelopathies and cardiomyopathies: what we know and how they are useful

Pappone

Micaglio

Locati

et al. 2020

European Heart Journal Supplements

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Sudden cardiac death results from arrhythmias commonly caused by channelopathies and cardiomyopathies, often due to several genetic factors. An emerging concept is that these disease states may in fact overlap, with variants in traditionally classified ‘cardiomyopathy genes’ resulting in ‘channelopathies phenotypes’. Another important concept is the influence of both genetic and non-genetic factors in disease expression, leading to the utilization of systems biology approaches, such as genomics/epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, and glycomics, to understand the disease severity and progression and to determine the prognosis and the best course of treatment. In fact, our group has discovered significant differences in metabolites, proteins, and lipids between controls and Brugada syndrome patients. Omics approaches are useful in overcoming the dogma that both channelopathies and cardiomyopathies exist as Mendelian disorders (caused by a mutation in a single gene). This shift in understanding could lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

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“…Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most lethal noncommunicable disease, it globally being the greatest contributor to high morbidity and mortality [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Irregular cardiac activities restrict the blood supply, leading to sudden unexpected death caused by loss of cardiac function, known as sudden cardiac death (SCD) [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circular RNAs in Sudden Cardiac Death Related Diseases: Novel Biomarker for Clinical and Forensic Diagnosis

2021

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The prevention and diagnosis of sudden cardiac death (SCD) are among the most important keystones and challenges in clinical and forensic practice. However, the diagnostic value of the current biomarkers remains unresolved issues. Therefore, novel diagnostic biomarkers are urgently required to identify patients with early-stage cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and to assist in the postmortem diagnosis of SCD cases without typical cardiac damage. An increasing number of studies show that circular RNAs (circRNAs) have stable expressions in myocardial tissue, and their time- and tissue-specific expression levels might reflect the pathophysiological status of the heart, which makes them potential CVD biomarkers. In this article, we briefly introduced the biogenesis and functional characteristics of circRNAs. Moreover, we described the roles of circRNAs in multiple SCD-related diseases, including coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial ischemia or infarction, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, and myocarditis, and discussed the application prospects and challenges of circRNAs as a novel biomarker in the clinical and forensic diagnosis of SCD.

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Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) – risk stratification and prediction with molecular biomarkers

Cited by 39 publications

References 109 publications

Biomarkers for Heart Failure Prognosis: Proteins, Genetic Scores and Non-coding RNAs

Biomarkers for Heart Failure Prognosis: Proteins, Genetic Scores and Non-coding RNAs

The omics of channelopathies and cardiomyopathies: what we know and how they are useful

Circular RNAs in Sudden Cardiac Death Related Diseases: Novel Biomarker for Clinical and Forensic Diagnosis

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