Sudden death in emergency care: responding to bereaved relatives

Scott, Tricia

doi:10.7748/en2013.12.21.8.36.e1237

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…In the United States, one of the most popular protocols is the so-called “ Six-Step Protocol” for the delivery of bad news (SPIKES: acronym for the words Setting, Perception, Invitation, Knowledge and Empathy). It is a protocol aimed primarily at doctors who provide information on unfavorable prognoses, but can also be used to inform the family of the death of a patient (Scott, 2013 ; Shomoossi et al, 2013 ; Williams-Reade et al, 2018 ). One study described the ABCDE notification strategies that propose accurate intervention plans for healthcare professionals who are required to make a death notification (Shomoossi et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notification of Unexpected, Violent and Traumatic Death: A Systematic Review

Leo

Zammarrelli²,

Giannotti³

et al. 2020

Front. Psychol.

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Background: The way the death of a person is communicated can have a profound impact on the bereavement process. The words and expressions that are used to give the tragic news, the characteristics of who communicates it, the physical setting in which the notification is given, the means used (e.g., in person, via phone call, etc.) are just some of the factors that can influence the way survivors face one of the most difficult moments in their lives. Aim: To review the literature on the topic of death notification to verify the state of the art related to this important procedure. Methods: A systematic review was conducted with PRISMA criteria on English-written materials produced from 1966 to 2019. Results: Out of the initial 3,166 titles considered, 60 articles were extracted for this review. A content analysis has revealed four main areas of interest: (1) protocols and guidelines; (2) emotional reactions of recipients and notifiers; (3) professional figures involved in the notification process; and, (4) types of death. Discussion: The communication of death represents a complex and stressful experience not only for those who receive it but also for those who give it. Alongside the acquisition of a necessary technique and execution methods, the process should involve the selection of notifiers based on personality characteristics and communication styles. Conclusion: Indications for the need of better training and protocols sensitive to different circumstances emerge. Adequate preparation can positively influence the quality of communication and the effects it produces, both on recipients and notifiers. In vocational training, more space should be devoted to this demanding task.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notification of Unexpected, Violent and Traumatic Death: A Systematic Review

Leo

Zammarrelli²,

Giannotti³

et al. 2020

Front. Psychol.

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“…The suffering of the suddenly bereaved and a self-perceived lack of experience and skills also had a bearing on the level of nursefamily engagement, with distancing potentially operating as a form of personal defence. Scott (2013) suggested that many emergency nurses find it difficult to witness the distress of bereaved relatives. This is confirmed in research exploring the lived experiences of nurses who have provided EoLC in A&E (Socorro et al, 2001) and within an intensive care unit (Holms et al, 2014;Stayt, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nurses’ experiences of caring for the suddenly bereaved in adult acute and critical care settings, and the provision of person-centred care: A qualitative study

Walker

Deacon

2016

Intensive and Critical Care Nursing

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Aim: To explore nursing interventions for person-centred bereavement care in adult acute and critical care settings.Design: A descriptive exploratory study, involving focused, face-to-face interviews.Participants comprised nine registered nurses and one auxiliary nurse, working in environments where sudden death was known to occur, i.e. emergency, cardiac and critical care. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and data subjected to directed content analysis. The provision of person-centred care was examined by applying a validated Person-Centred Nursing Framework.

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“…In collaboration with an experienced research liberian, we conducted a systematic literature search in the scientific research databases: Medline, PsychINFO, and Cinahl. We identified only sparse relevant literature about BID persons and their relatives (Chiang & Wang 1999, Kent & McDowell 2004, Scott 2013, Khursheed et al 2015, Naneix et al 2015, Mowll et al 2016, and none offered guidance of how to care for the adult BID relatives in an acute care setting.…”

Section: Accepted Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

How to care for the brought in dead and their relatives. A qualitative study protocol based on interpretive description

Bové

Rosted

Prip

et al. 2020

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Aim: This project has two aims: 1) What do relatives to brought in dead describe as helpful and supportive care when they arrive at the emergency department to see and say goodbye to a deceased? 2) What do nurses describe as good nursing practice for brought in dead persons and their relatives and what may hinder or facilitate this practice in an emergency setting? Design: A qualitative study within the methodology Interpretive Description. Methods: Data will be collected through three data sources: Individual interviews with relatives to brought in dead persons, participant observations of relatives to brought in dead persons during their presence in the emergency department and focus group interviews with emergency nurses. Discussion: Brought in dead persons and their relatives are received and cared for in emergency departments by emergency nurses. Knowledge of how to render care for the relatives to brought in dead persons in an acute setting including what skills and competences this require of the nurses is warranted. We need to explore, describe and comprehend the experiences of both the relatives and the nurses in order to point out potential areas of improvement. Impact: This paper is a protocol of an Interpretive Description study offering insight into considerations and reflections in designing the study.

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Sudden death in emergency care: responding to bereaved relatives

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Notification of Unexpected, Violent and Traumatic Death: A Systematic Review

Notification of Unexpected, Violent and Traumatic Death: A Systematic Review

Nurses’ experiences of caring for the suddenly bereaved in adult acute and critical care settings, and the provision of person-centred care: A qualitative study

How to care for the brought in dead and their relatives. A qualitative study protocol based on interpretive description

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