Sufficient conditions for the additivity of stall forces generated by multiple filaments or motors

Bameta, Tripti; Das, Debapratim; Das, Dibyendu; Padinhateeri, Ranjith; Inamdar, Mandar M.

doi:10.1103/physreve.95.022406

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 103 publications

(209 reference statements)

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“…In some prior theoretical and numerical studies of cargo transport by multiple kinesin motors [27][28][29], it was assumed that there is an equilibrium position of one motor on MT, at which the stalk of the motor is not stretched and thus the motor experiences no external force. However, no range for the equilibrium position of the motor is present, within which the stalk of the motor is not stretched and thus the motor can step freely without experiencing any external force.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the dynamics of the cooperative cargo transport by multiple molecular motors have been studied intensively and extensively [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41], the theoretical and numerical study of the dynamics of the cooperative cargo transport by multiple molecular motors and diffusing MAPs has not been paid much attention to. The underlying mechanism of the effect of the diffusing MAPs on the cooperative cargo transport by kinesin motors is unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics of cooperative transport by multiple kinesin motors and diffusing microtubule-associated proteins

Wang

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Commun. Theor. Phys.

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In eukaryote cells cargos are often transported cooperatively by kinesin motors and nonmotor microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The prior in vitro experimental data showed that the velocity of the cargo transported by kinesin motors and Ndc80 (a member of MAP) proteins of truncated coiled-coil stalks decreases sensitively with the increase of the ratio of Ndc80 to motor number. However, the underlying mechanism of Ndc80 affecting sensitively the cooperative cargo transport by kinesin motors is unclear. To understand the mechanism, here we study numerically the cooperative cargo transport by kinesin motors and Ndc80 proteins. Our results showed that for the case of the motors and Ndc80 proteins with truncated short stalks, as used in the experiments, the calculated results reproduce quantitatively the prior experimental data. The mechanism of the cargo velocity decreasing sensitively with the ratio of Ndc80 to motor number is revealed. By contrast, for the case of the motors and Ndc80 proteins with full-length long stalks, the velocity of the cargo decreases slowly with the increase in the ratio of Ndc80 to kinesin number. Our results thus give an explanation of why the kinesin motors working in the cell have long stalks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of cooperative transport by multiple kinesin motors and diffusing microtubule-associated proteins

Wang

Liu²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Commun. Theor. Phys.

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“…[13] Theoretical studies predict similarly complex behaviors. [14][15][16][17] Here, we report the application of horizontal magnetic tweezers (similar to earlier setups [18][19] ) to gliding motility assays. The setup is fully compatible with optical imaging on an inverted wide-field fluorescence microscope and allows to study cooperative transport in the presence of external forces.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Horizontal Magnetic Tweezers to Directly Measure the Force–Velocity Relationship for Multiple Kinesin Motors

Geyer

Diez

2023

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Transport of intracellular cargo is often achieved by the concerted operation of more than a single motor protein. Characterizing the force production during such transport events has therefore been of interest to biophysicists and cell biologists for a long time. However, up to date force generation by multiple motors is poorly understood although the biophysical properties of single motors have intensively been characterized in vitro. [1][2][3][4] Transport of intracellular cargo along cytoskeletal filaments is often achieved by the concerted action of multiple motor molecules. While single-molecule studies have provided profound insight into the mechano-chemical principles and force generation of individual motors, studies on multi-motor systems are less advanced. Here, a horizontal magnetic-tweezers setup is applied, capable of producing up to 150 pN of horizontal force onto 2.8 µm superparamagnetic beads, to motor-propelled cytoskeletal filaments. It is found that kinesin-1 driven microtubules decorated with individual beads display frequent transitions in their gliding velocities which we attribute to dynamic changes in the number of engaged motors. Applying defined temporal force-ramps the force-velocity relationship is directly measured for multi-motor transport. It is found that the stall forces of individual motors are approximately additive and collective backward motion of the transport system under super-stall forces is observed. The magnetic-tweezers apparatus is expected to be readily applicable to a wide range of molecular and cellular motility assays.

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“…By elaborately designing the cargo bound with multiple motors, the velocity and run length of the cooperative transport by N (N=1, 2, 4, 7) motors were also studied [20]. Meanwhile, the cooperative transports by two or multiple motors were also widely studied both theoretically and numerically [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. For example, by assuming that the motors share load equally, the cooperative transport by multiple motors was studied theoretically [37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of rebinding rate and asymmetry in unbinding rate on cargo transport by multiple kinesin motors

Wang

Liu

Liang

et al. 2021

Commun. Theor. Phys.

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Many intracellular transports are performed by multiple molecular motors in a cooperative manner. Here, we use stochastic simulations to study the cooperative transport by multiple kinesin motors, focusing mainly on effects of the form of unbinding rate versus force and the rebinding rate of single motors on the cooperative transport. We consider two forms of the unbinding rate. One is the symmetric form with respect to the force direction, which is obtained according to Kramers theory. The other is the asymmetric form, which is obtained from the prior studies for the single kinesin motor. With the asymmetric form the simulated results of both velocity and run length of the cooperative transport by two identical motors and those by a kinesin-1 motor and a kinesin-2 motor are in quantitative agreement with the available experimental data, whereas with the symmetric form the simulated results are inconsistent with the experimental data. For the cooperative transport by a faster motor and a much slower motor, the asymmetric form can give both larger velocity and longer run length than the symmetric form, giving an explanation for why kinesin adopts the asymmetric form of the unbinding rate rather than the symmetric form. For the cooperative transport by two identical motors, while the velocity is nearly independent of the rebinding rate, the run length increases linearly with the rebinding rate. For the cooperative transport by two different motors, the increase of the rebinding rate of one motor also enhances the run length of the cooperative transport. The dynamics of transport by N (N = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8) motors is also studied.

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Sufficient conditions for the additivity of stall forces generated by multiple filaments or motors

Cited by 11 publications

References 103 publications

Dynamics of cooperative transport by multiple kinesin motors and diffusing microtubule-associated proteins

Dynamics of cooperative transport by multiple kinesin motors and diffusing microtubule-associated proteins

Horizontal Magnetic Tweezers to Directly Measure the Force–Velocity Relationship for Multiple Kinesin Motors

Effects of rebinding rate and asymmetry in unbinding rate on cargo transport by multiple kinesin motors

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