Sugar addiction

Ahmed, Serge H.; Guillem, Karine; Vandaele, Youna

doi:10.1097/mco.0b013e328361c8b8

Cited by 116 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Furthermore, concern for childhood obesity was also positively associated with support for the messages. Lastly, a majority of voters perceived SSB as addictive or habit forming (83 %) and evidence suggests that the sugar in these drinks has addictive properties, such as inducing cravings (40) . As most respondents (77 %) supported the SSB consumption message about reducing unhealthy habits during childhood, the perception of sugar's addictiveness may be an important consideration for future message development even though it did not predict support for the group of consumption messages in the present analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public support for a sugar-sweetened beverage tax and pro-tax messages in a Mid-Atlantic US state

Donaldson

Cohen

Rutkow

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective To examine the characteristics of supporters and opponents of a sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) tax and to identify pro-tax messages that resonate with the public. Design A survey was administered by telephone in February 2013 to assess public opinion about a penny-per-ounce tax on SSB. Support was also examined for SSB consumption reduction and pro-tax messages. Individual characteristics including sociodemographics, political affiliation, SSB consumption behaviours and beliefs were explored as predictors of support using logistic regression. Setting A representative sample of voters was recruited from a Mid-Atlantic US state. Subjects The sample included 1000 registered voters. Results Findings indicate considerable support (50 %) for an SSB tax. Support was stronger among Democrats, those who believe SSB are a major cause of childhood obesity and those who believe childhood obesity warrants a societal intervention. Belief that a tax would be effective in lowering obesity rates was associated with support for the tax and pro-tax messages. Respondents reporting that a health-care provider had recommended they lose weight were less convinced by pro-tax messages. Women, Independents and those concerned about childhood obesity were more convinced by the SSB reduction messages. Overall, the most popular messages focused on the importance of reducing consumption among children without mentioning the tax. Conclusions Understanding who supports and opposes SSB tax measures can assist advocates in developing strategies to maximize support for this type of intervention. Messages that focus on the effect of consumption on children may be useful in framing the discussion around SSB tax proposals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public support for a sugar-sweetened beverage tax and pro-tax messages in a Mid-Atlantic US state

Donaldson

Cohen

Rutkow

et al. 2014

Public Health Nutr.

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show abstract

“…Food addiction is a topic of growing scientific interest, though also raises points for debate, such as which food ingredients may have an addictive potential (Ahmed, Guillem & Vandaele, 2013;Gold, Frost-Pineda & Jacobs, 2003;Ziauddeen & Fletcher, 2013). The food addiction construct suggests that some individuals may experience addictive-like responses to highly processed foods (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of the Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale Version 2.0

Schulte

Gearhardt

2017

Euro Eating Disorders Rev

180

159

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The Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) operationalizes indicators of addictive-like eating, originally based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria for substance-use disorders. The YFAS has multiple adaptations, including a briefer scale (mYFAS). Recently, the YFAS 2.0 was developed to reflect changes to diagnostic criteria in the DSM-5. The current study developed a briefer version of the YFAS 2.0 (mYFAS 2.0) using the participant sample from the YFAS 2.0 validation paper (n = 536). Then, in an independent sample recruited from Mechanical Turk, 213 participants completed the mYFAS 2.0, YFAS 2.0, and measures of eating-related constructs in order to evaluate the psychometric properties of the mYFAS 2.0, relative to the YFAS 2.0. The mYFAS 2.0 and YFAS 2.0 performed similarly on indexes of reliability, convergent validity with related constructs (e.g. weight cycling), discriminant validity with distinct measures (e.g. dietary restraint) and incremental validity evidenced by associations with frequency of binge eating beyond a measure of disinhibited eating. The mYFAS 2.0 may be an appropriate choice for studies prioritizing specificity when assessing for addictive-like eating or when a briefer measurement of food addiction is needed. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.

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“…Additionally, behavioral indicators of substance-use disorders, such as loss of control and use despite negative consequences, have been observed in response to these foods (Gearhardt et al, 2009a; Ifland et al, 2009). Although many symptoms of addictive disorders are behavioral in nature (e.g., consuming more than intended, inability to cut down on consumption) (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) and behavioral circumstances may increase addictive potential (e.g., intermittent access, binge patterns of use) (Hwa et al, 2011; Koob & Le Moal, 2001), the “food addiction” perspective does not reflect a behavioral addiction or an “eating addiction.” Rather, akin to substance-use disorders, this framework posits an interaction between the addictive potential of high-fat, high-sugar foods, behavioral factors that may increase addictive responses (e.g., intermittent, binge consumption), and an individual’s propensity to develop an addiction (Ahmed, Guillem, & Vandaele, 2013; Davis & Carter, 2009; Gearhardt et al, 2009a; Gold, Frost-Pineda, & Jacobs, 2003; Ifland et al, 2015; Ifland et al, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared and unique mechanisms underlying binge eating disorder and addictive disorders

Schulte

Grilo

Gearhardt

2016

Clinical Psychology Review

218

144

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Scientific interest in “food addiction” is growing, but the topic remains controversial. One critique of “food addiction” is its high degree of phenotypic overlap with binge eating disorder (BED). In order to examine associations between problematic eating behaviors, such as binge eating and “food addiction,” we propose the need to move past examining similarities and differences in symptomology. Instead, focusing on relevant mechanisms may more effectively determine whether “food addiction” contributes to disordered eating behavior for some individuals. This paper reviews the evidence for mechanisms that are shared (i.e., reward dysfunction, impulsivity) and unique for addiction (i.e., withdrawal, tolerance) and eating disorder (i.e., dietary restraint, shape/weight concern) frameworks. This review will provide a guiding framework to outline future areas of research needed to evaluate the validity of the “food addiction” model and to understand its potential contribution to disordered eating.

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Sugar addiction

Abstract: The biological robustness in the neural substrates of sugar and sweet reward may be sufficient to explain why many people can have difficultly to control the consumption of foods high in sugar when continuously exposed to them.

Cited by 116 publications

References 65 publications

Public support for a sugar-sweetened beverage tax and pro-tax messages in a Mid-Atlantic US state

Public support for a sugar-sweetened beverage tax and pro-tax messages in a Mid-Atlantic US state

Development of the Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale Version 2.0

Shared and unique mechanisms underlying binge eating disorder and addictive disorders

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