Sugar feeding by coccinellids under field conditions: the effects of sugar sprays in soybean

Seagraves, Michael P.; Kajita, Yukie; Weber, Donald C.; Obrycki, John J.; Lundgren, Jonathan G.

doi:10.1007/s10526-010-9337-3

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…The anthrone assay reacts with sugars (i.e., fructose, glucose, sucrose, trehalose) and glycogen, and the micro-separation can separate a large quantity of sugar from a small amount of glycogen, and vice versa (Van Handel, 1965). These procedures have been adapted for coccinellids (Seagraves et al, 2011), drosophilid flies (Tochen et al, 2016), parasitic wasps (Olson et al, 2000), phorid flies (Fadamiro et al, 2005), and tephritid flies (Yuval et al, 1998). Prior hydration will not affect nutrient readings since they are measured per individual, and not per weight of each individual.…”

Section: Nutrient Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient declines in overwintering Halyomorpha halys populations

Skillman

Wiman

Lee

2018

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (St al) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), has become a major pest for agricultural growers since it arrived in the USA and Europe. To better understand the energetic requirements of overwintering, dispersal, and reproduction of this invasive pest, we monitored the weight, egg load, lipid, glycogen, and sugar levels of adult H. halys populations in western Oregon, USA, over 2 years. In the first study, overwintering H. halys collected monthly from inside shelters exhibited a consistent decline in weight, glycogen, and sugar levels from October to June. In the second study, post-overwintering adults that exited shelters in late spring had lower lipid, glycogen, and sugar levels than those that exited in early spring. Also, adults that just exited shelters had lower weight, glycogen, sugar, and sometimes lipids than adults that remained in diapause. Sugar levels declined the most during winter, followed by lipid and glycogen. These findings suggest that nutritional depletion may cause H. halys to emerge from diapause. In the third study, overwintered and first-generation adults (G 1 ) were simultaneously collected from holly in July and August. Overwintered adults often had lower nutrient levels than G 1 adults, which may reflect overwintered adults having expended energy for dispersal and reproduction. In the fourth study, we evaluated whether the Nutrient Index [weight (mg)/prothorax width (mm) 3 ], a convenient index of physiological status, correlated with nutrient reserves. The Nutrient Index correlated with the adults' lipid, glycogen, or sugar levels in 57% of cases, ranging from weakly negative to moderately positive correlations.

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Section: Nutrient Bioassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient declines in overwintering Halyomorpha halys populations

Skillman

Wiman

Lee

2018

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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“…As a result, the provision of flowering plants can enhance the effectiveness of natural enemies by increasing their longevity, fecundity, and predation or parasitism rates (Berndt & Wratten, ; Begum et al., ; Lee & Heimpel, ). Specifically, sugar feeding improves the fitness and performance, and affects the nutrient status in parasitoids (Olson et al., ; Lee et al., ; Chen & Fadamiro, ; Nafziger & Fadamiro, ) and predators (Lundgren & Seagraves, ; Seagraves et al., ). Research has long supported the importance of nectar feeding for parasitoid life histories, but nectar resources for predators have received less attention until recently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of floral and extrafloral resource diversity on the fitness of an omnivorous bug, Orius insidiosus

Pumariño¹,

Alomar²,

Lundgren

2012

Entomologia Exp Applicata

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Habitat manipulation and increasing biodiversity are important approaches that enhance biological control of pests, but it is important to evaluate the relative benefits of specific plant species when designing conservation programs. Orius insidiosus Say (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is an important predator of thrips and aphids that also feeds on plants. It is the target of conservation biological control programs. Despite O. insidiosus' relevance, little is known about the effects of plant subsidies on predator performance or nutritional status. Here, we examined the influence of restricting the pollen and nectar resources of five plant species (alyssum, buckwheat, phacelia, fava bean, and chamomile), and how increasing plant diversity affects O. insidiosus fecundity, survival, and nutritional status. Plant species varied in their suitability for O. insidiosus, which was driven in part by the availability of the pollen or nectar resources. Offering plants as a mixture did not improve fecundity; however, the plant least preferred for oviposition under no‐choice tests (fava bean) became the preferred egg‐laying site when the plants were offered in combination. We conclude that the benefits obtained by O. insidiosus vary among plant species, and that increasing plant diversity can have unpredicted, positive effects on insect fitness.

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“…The role of pollen and nectar is well studied for hymenopteran parasitoids (e.g., Winkler et al, 2009;Russell, 2015), but increasing attention is being given to the role of non-prey food for predator fitness components such as survival or reproduction, involving studies on coccinellids (Bertolaccini et al, 2008), neuropterans (Resende et al, 2017), predatory mites (Khodayari et al, 2013;Khanamani et al, 2016;Riahi et al, 2017), spiders (Pollard et al, 1995;Nyffeler et al, 2016), and syrphids (van Rijn and Wäckers, 2016). Sugar feeding can improve fitness and performance, as well as nutritional status in coccinellids (Lundgren and Seagraves, 2011;Seagraves et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Floral Diet Increases the Longevity of the Coccinellid Adalia bipunctata but Does Not Allow Molting or Reproduction

Sigsgaard

2019

Front. Ecol. Evol.

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Adalia bipunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a generalist aphidophagous coccinellid and an important natural enemy in many agroecosystems including orchards. Coccinellid species have been observed to consume non-prey food like nectar and pollen, but the value of these foods for A. bipunctata is poorly known. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different prey and non-prey diets on A. bipunctata larval development and adult longevity and fecundity. Larval development was studied on three prey diets: The aphids Dysaphis plantaginea and Myzus persicae and Lepidopteran eggs of Ephestia kuehniella; five flower diets: Matricaria chamomilla, Daucus carota, Fagopyrum esculentum, Anethum graveolens, and Sinapis alba; four pollen diets from three plant species: Typha angustifolia, Malus pumila (two varieties) and A. graveolens; and 1 M solutions of three sugars: glucose, fructose, and sucrose. Adult longevity and fecundity were tested on one prey diet (E. kuhniella eggs), three flower diets (F. esculentum, A. graveolens, and S. alba); the same four pollen diets and three sugar diets with larvae; and finally a mixed diet of sucrose and A. graveolens pollen. A water-only (starvation) control was used for both larval development and adult longevity and fecundity. Adult lipid content was assessed as a measure of how non-prey food affects the ladybeetles' nutritional status. Larvae did not develop beyond the first instar on any of the non-prey diets, but they lived more than twice as long as on F. esculentum and sugar diets than on water. Sugar and flower diets improved A. bipunctata adult longevity (71-92 days and 10-66 days, respectively) over a pure pollen diet (6-7 days). Fecundity was nil on all non-prey diets, and within a normal range on E. kuhniella eggs. The results suggest that pure floral diets do not support A. bipunctata molting or reproduction, but flowering plants can prolong A. bipunctata larval survival and adults longevity considerably when prey are absent. Adults on sugar diets had high lipid content, indicating that sugar feeding can improve overwintering survival. The findings could be used in agroecosystem design, such as the composition of flower strips for optimal functional diversity.

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Sugar feeding by coccinellids under field conditions: the effects of sugar sprays in soybean

Cited by 26 publications

References 42 publications

Nutrient declines in overwintering Halyomorpha halys populations

Nutrient declines in overwintering Halyomorpha halys populations

Effects of floral and extrafloral resource diversity on the fitness of an omnivorous bug, Orius insidiosus

A Floral Diet Increases the Longevity of the Coccinellid Adalia bipunctata but Does Not Allow Molting or Reproduction

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